Musannaf Ibn Abi Shayba 28:340

Zayd ibn al-Hubab narrated to us, he said: Abu Ma’shar narrated to me, he said: ‘Umar, the freed slave of Ghafrah, and others narrated to me, he said: When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) died, wealth came to him from Bahrain. Abu Bakr said: "Whoever has a claim or a promise from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), let him stand up and take it." Jabir stood up and said: "The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'If wealth comes to me from Bahrain, I will give you like this and like this,'" and he scooped with his hand three times. Abu Bakr said to him: "Stand up and take with your hand." He took it, and it was five hundred dirhams. He said: "Count a thousand for him," and he divided ten dirhams among the people and said: "These are only promises that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) made." Until the following year, when more wealth than that came to him, he divided twenty dirhams each among the people. There was a surplus left over, so he divided five dirhams each for the servants and said: "You have servants who serve you and work for you, so we have given them a portion." They said: "If you had favored the Muhajirun and the Ansar, you would have surpassed them, and because of their position with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)." He said: "The reward of those is with Allah. In this livelihood, equality is better than preference." He acted upon this throughout his caliphate until the year ten, in Jumada al-Akhirah, with a few nights remaining of it, he died—may Allah be pleased with him. Then ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab acted, and he opened the conquests, and wealth came to him. He said: "Abu Bakr held an opinion on this matter, and I have another opinion regarding it. I will not make the one who fought the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) like the one who fought alongside him." So he assigned five thousand each to the Muhajirun and the Ansar who witnessed Badr, and he assigned four thousand each to those who had Islam like the Islam of the people of Badr but did not witness Badr. He assigned twelve thousand each to the wives of the Prophet (ﷺ), except for Safiyyah and Juwayriyyah; he assigned six thousand each to them. They refused to accept it, so he said to them: "I only assigned it to them for the Hijrah." They said: "You only assigned it to them for their position with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and we have the same." ‘Umar recognized that, so he assigned twelve thousand each to them. He assigned twelve thousand to al-‘Abbas, four thousand to Usamah ibn Zayd, and three thousand to ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar. He (Abdullah) said: "O father, why did you increase him over me by a thousand? His father did not have merit that my father did not have, and he did not have what I did not have." He said: "Usamah’s father was more beloved to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) than your father, and Usamah was more beloved to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) than you." He assigned five thousand each to Hasan and Husayn and joined them with their father due to their position with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). He assigned two thousand each to the sons of the Muhajirun and the Ansar. ‘Umar ibn Abi Salamah passed by him, so he said: "Increase him by a thousand." Muhammad ibn ‘Abdullah ibn Jahsh said: "His father did not have what our fathers did not have, and he did not have what we did not have." He said: "I assigned him two thousand for his father, Abu Salamah, and I increased him by a thousand for his mother, Umm Salamah. If you had a mother like his mother, I would have increased you by a thousand." He assigned eight hundred each to the people of Makkah and the people. Talhah ibn ‘Ubaydullah came to him with his brother ‘Uthman, so he assigned eight hundred to him. Al-Nadr ibn Anas passed by him, and ‘Umar said: "Assign two thousand to him." Talhah said: "I came to you with someone like him, and you assigned eight hundred dirhams to him, and you assigned two thousand to this one." He said: "The father of this one met me on the day of Uhud and said to me: 'What did the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) do?' I said: 'I do not see him except that he has been killed.' He drew his sword, broke its scabbard, and said: 'If the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) has been killed, then Allah is Living and does not die,' and he fought until he was killed. And this one is grazing sheep in such and such a place." ‘Umar acted from the beginning of his caliphate until the year twenty-three. He performed Hajj that year, and it reached him that the people were saying: "If the Commander of the Faithful were to die, we would go to so-and-so and pledge allegiance to him; for the pledge of allegiance to Abu Bakr was a *faltah* (a sudden, unplanned event)." He wanted to speak in the middle of the days of Tashriq. ‘Abdur-Rahman ibn ‘Awf said to him: "O Commander of the Faithful, this is a place dominated by the rabble and the commoners of the people, and those who do not carry your speech to its proper place. So return to the House of Hijrah and Faith, then speak, and your speech will be heard." He hastened and arrived in Madinah, then addressed the people and said: "O people, as for what follows: It has reached me what some of you have said: 'If the Commander of the Faithful were to die, we would go to so-and-so and pledge allegiance to him; for the pledge of allegiance to Abu Bakr was a *faltah*.' By Allah, it was indeed a *faltah*, but Allah protected us from its evil. Where can we find the likes of Abu Bakr, that we should stretch our necks toward him as we did toward Abu Bakr? That was only a sudden event. Whoever pledges allegiance to the leader of the affairs of the Muslims without consultation, there is no pledge of allegiance for him." "Beware, for I have seen a vision, and I do not think it is anything but the approach of my appointed time. I saw a rooster pecking me three times. Asma bint ‘Umays interpreted it for me, saying: 'A man from the people of this *Hamra* (non-Arabs) will kill you.' If I die, your affair is to these six whom the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) died while he was pleased with them: ‘Uthman, ‘Ali, Talhah, al-Zubayr, ‘Abdur-Rahman ibn ‘Awf, and Sa’d ibn Abi Waqqas. If they differ, then their affair is to ‘Ali. If I live, I will give instructions. I have looked into the paternal aunt and the brother’s daughter; why do they inherit and not be inherited from? If I live, I will open for you a matter that you will follow. If I die, you will see your own opinion. Allah is my successor over you. I have established registers for you, garrisoned the cities for you, and provided food for you to the *khan* (storehouse), and I have left you on a clear path. I only fear for you two men: a man who fights over the interpretation of this Qur’an and is killed, and a man who thinks he is more entitled to this wealth than his brother and fights over it until he is killed." He gave the sermon on Friday, and he was stabbed on Wednesday.