Musannaf Ibn Abi Shayba 27:256

Affan narrated to us, he said: Hammad bin Salamah narrated to us, he said: Ali bin Zaid narrated to us, from al-Hasan, from al-Ahnaf bin Qais, from the Prophet (peace be upon him), that David (peace be upon him) said: "O my Lord, the Children of Israel ask You by Ibrahim, Ishaq, and Yaqub, so make me, O Lord, a fourth for them." So Allah revealed to him: "O David, Ibrahim was cast into the fire for My sake, and he remained patient, and that was a trial that did not befall you. Ishaq offered himself to be slaughtered, and he remained patient for My sake, and that was a trial that did not befall you. Yaqub had his beloved taken away until his eyes turned white, and he remained patient, and that was a trial that did not befall you." Ali bin Zaid said: And Khalifah narrated to me, from Ibn Abbas, that David spoke to himself that if he were to be tested, he would seek refuge. It was said to him: "You will be tested, and you will know the day on which you are tested, so take your precaution." It was said to him: "This is the day on which you are tested." So he took the Zabur and placed it in his lap, locked the door of the sanctuary, and seated a guard at the door, saying: "Do not let anyone in to see me today." While he was reading the Zabur, a golden bird came, the most beautiful of birds, containing every color, and it began to walk before him. It drew near to him, and it became possible for him to catch it. He reached out with his hand to catch it, but it startled him from behind. He closed the Zabur and stood up to catch it, but it flew and landed on a window of the sanctuary. He drew near to it again to catch it, but it landed on a fortress. He looked over it to see where it had landed, and there he was, looking at the woman at her pool, bathing from menstruation. When she saw his shadow, she moved her head and covered her body with her hair. David said to the guard: "Go and tell so-and-so to come." He went to her and said: "The Prophet of Allah calls you." She said: "What do I have to do with the Prophet of Allah? If he has a need, let him come to me; as for me, I will not come to him." The guard went to him and informed him of what she said. So he went to her, and she locked the door against him. She said: "What is the matter with you, O David? Do you not know that whoever does this, you stone them?" She admonished him, and he returned. Her husband was a warrior in the path of Allah, so David (peace be upon him) wrote to the commander of the army: "Look for Uriah and place him in the vanguard of the Ark." So he was killed. When her waiting period ended, he proposed to her, and she stipulated that if she bore a boy, he should make him the successor after him. She had fifty of the Children of Israel bear witness against him, and she wrote a document regarding that. He did not realize his trial—that he had been tried—until she gave birth to Sulayman. He grew up, and he climbed over the place, the sanctuary, and their affair was as Allah related. David fell down prostrating, and Allah forgave him and he turned in repentance, and Allah accepted his repentance. He divorced her and distanced Sulayman and sent him away. While he was on a journey, and he was in a part of the group, he came upon some boys of his playing, and they began saying: "O La-Din, O La-Din." David stopped and said: "What is the matter with this one being called La-Din?" Sulayman, who was in a part of the group, said: "If he had asked me about this, I would have informed him of his affair." It was said to David: "Sulayman says such and such." So he called him and said: "What is the matter with this boy being called La-Din?" He said: "I will teach you the knowledge of that." He asked Sulayman about his father, how his affair was. It was said: "His father was on a journey with his companions, and he was wealthy. They wanted to kill him, so he left them a will, saying: 'I have left my wife pregnant, so if she gives birth to a boy, tell her to name him La-Din.'" Sulayman sent for his companions, and they came. He took one of them aside and did not cease until he confessed, and he took the others aside and did not cease until they all confessed. He brought them to David, and he killed them. His heart softened toward him. There was a devout woman from the Children of Israel who had remained celibate, and she had two beautiful slave girls. The woman remained celibate, not wanting men. One of the slave girls said to the other: "This trial has lasted too long for us. As for this one, she does not want men, and we will remain in the evil state we are in for her. If only we could disgrace her so she would be stoned, then we would go to the men." They took egg whites and came to her while she was prostrating. They uncovered her garment and poured the egg whites on her backside, and they screamed: "She has committed adultery!" Whoever among them committed adultery, their punishment was stoning. She was brought to David (peace be upon him) with the egg whites in her clothes. He intended to stone her, but Sulayman said: "If he had asked me, I would have informed him." It was said to David: "Sulayman says such and such." So he called him and said: "What is the matter with this one? What is her affair?" He said: "Bring me fire, for if it is men's fluid, it will separate, and if it is egg whites, it will coagulate." Fire was brought, and he placed it upon it, and it coagulated. He averted the stoning from her, and his heart softened toward him, and he loved him. Then, after that, there were the owners of the crops and the owners of the sheep. David (peace be upon him) judged in favor of the owners of the crops with the sheep. They went out, and the shepherds went out with them with the dogs. Sulayman said: "How did he judge between you?" They informed him. He said: "If I were in charge of their affair, I would have judged between them with a judgment other than this." It was said to David: "Sulayman says such and such." So he called him and said: "How would you judge?" He said: "Give the sheep to the owners of the crops this year, so they may have their offspring, their wool, their milk, and their benefits. And let these sow the equivalent of their crops. When the crop reaches the state it was in, these take the crop, and these give the sheep to these." He said: His heart softened toward him. Hammad said: And I heard Thabit saying: "He is Uriah."