Musnad Ahmad 695:4

Yazid ibn Harun narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Yasar informed us, from al-Zuhri (Muhammad ibn Muslim ibn Shihab), from Urwah ibn al-Zubayr, from al-Miswar ibn Makhramah and Marwan ibn al-Hakam, who both said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) set out in the year of al-Hudaybiyah, intending to visit the House, not intending to fight. He drove with him the sacrificial animals, seventy camels. The people were seven hundred men, and each camel was on behalf of ten men. He said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) set out until, when he was at Usfan, Bishr ibn Sufyan al-Ka'bi met him and said: "O Messenger of Allah, this is Quraysh; they have heard of your journey, so they have come out with the *'awdh al-matafil* (nursing camels with their young), and they have worn leopard skins. They have sworn to Allah that you shall never enter it against them by force. And this is Khalid ibn al-Walid with their cavalry, whom they have sent forward to Kura' al-Ghamim." The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Woe to Quraysh! War has consumed them. What would it cost them if they left me and the rest of the people alone? If they were to strike me down, that would be what they wanted; and if Allah grants me victory over them, they would enter into Islam while they are numerous. And if they do not do that, they will fight while they still have strength. What does Quraysh think? By Allah, I will continue to strive against them for that which Allah has sent me with until Allah makes it manifest or this neck of mine is severed." Then he commanded the people, so they took the path to the right, between the *Hamd* mountains, on a road that leads to the mountain pass of al-Murar and al-Hudaybiyah from the lower side of Makkah. He said: He led the army along that path. When the cavalry of Quraysh saw the dust of the army, they realized they had deviated from their path, so they turned back to Quraysh. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) went out until, when he traversed the pass of al-Murar, his she-camel knelt down. The people said: "She has become stubborn (*khala'at*)." The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "She has not become stubborn, and that is not her nature, but the One who restrained the Elephant has restrained her from Makkah. By Allah, Quraysh will not call me today to a matter in which they ask for the ties of kinship to be upheld except that I will grant it to them." Then he said to the people: "Dismount." They said: "O Messenger of Allah, there is no water in the valley for the people to dismount upon." The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) took an arrow from his quiver and gave it to a man of his companions. He went down into one of those wells and stuck it into it. The water gushed forth with abundance until the people watered their animals and were satisfied. When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was settled, Budayl ibn Warqa' arrived with some men from Khuza'ah. He spoke to them as he had spoken to Bishr ibn Sufyan. They returned to Quraysh and said: "O assembly of Quraysh, you are being hasty regarding Muhammad. Muhammad has not come for war; he has only come as a visitor to this House, honoring its sanctity." They accused them of lying. Muhammad (meaning Ibn Ishaq) said: Al-Zuhri said: Khuza'ah, both their Muslims and their polytheists, were in the absence of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and they did not hide anything from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) that happened in Makkah. They said: "Even if he has only come for that, by Allah, he shall never enter it against us by force, so that the Arabs might speak of that." Then they sent to him Mikraz ibn Hafs ibn al-Akhyaf, one of the Banu 'Amir ibn Lu'ayy. When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) saw him, he said: "This is a treacherous man." When he reached the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) spoke to him in a manner similar to how he had spoken to his companions. Then he returned to Quraysh and informed them of what the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had said to him. He said: They sent to him al-Hulays ibn 'Alqamah al-Kinani, who was the leader of the *Ahabish* (allies) on that day. When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) saw him, he said: "This is from a people who venerate the sacrificial animals, so send the sacrificial animals in his direction." They sent the sacrificial animals, and when he saw the animals flowing toward him from the side of the valley in their garlands, having worn out their ropes from the length of being kept away from their place of sacrifice, he turned back and did not reach the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) out of reverence for what he saw. He said: "O assembly of Quraysh, I have seen what it is not lawful to hinder: the sacrificial animals in their garlands, having worn out their ropes from the length of being kept away from their place of sacrifice." They said: "Sit down; you are only a Bedouin, you have no knowledge." Then they sent to him 'Urwah ibn Mas'ud al-Thaqafi. He said: "O assembly of Quraysh, I have seen what you encounter when you send someone to Muhammad—the harshness and the evil words. You know that you are the father and I am the son, and I have heard of what has befallen you, so I gathered those who obeyed me from my people, then I came and shared your burden with my own self." They said: "You have spoken the truth; you are not accused by us." He went out until he came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and sat before him. He said: "O Muhammad, you have gathered the rabble of the people, then you have come with them to your own kin to destroy them. This is Quraysh, which has come out with the *'awdh al-matafil*, and they have worn leopard skins. They have sworn to Allah that you shall never enter it against them by force. And by Allah, I see these people as having scattered away from you tomorrow." Abu Bakr al-Siddiq was sitting behind the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and he said: "Suck the clitoris of al-Lat! Are we going to scatter away from him?" He said: "Who is this, O Muhammad?" He said: "This is the son of Abu Quhafah." He said: "By Allah, were it not for a favor you had done for me, I would have repaid you for it, but this is for that." Then he grabbed the beard of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), while al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah was standing at the head of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) in iron armor. He struck his hand and said: "Remove your hand from the beard of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) before, by Allah, it does not return to you." He said: "Woe to you, how harsh and rude you are!" The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) smiled. He said: "Who is this, O Muhammad?" He said: "This is your nephew, al-Mughirah ibn Shu'bah." He said: "O treacherous one, did I not wash your filth only yesterday?" The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) spoke to him in a manner similar to how he had spoken to his companions, and informed him that he had not come intending war. He stood up from the presence of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) having seen what his companions did for him: he would not perform ablution but they would rush to it, he would not spit but they would rush to it, and nothing of his hair would fall but they would take it. He returned to Quraysh and said: "O assembly of Quraysh, I have come to Chosroes in his kingdom, and I have come to Caesar and the Negus in their kingdoms, and by Allah, I have never seen a king like Muhammad among his companions. I have seen a people who will never abandon him for anything, so reconsider your opinion." He said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had previously sent Khirash ibn Umayyah al-Khuza'i to Makkah, and he mounted him on a camel of his called *al-Tha'lab*. When he entered Makkah, Quraysh hamstrung it, and they wanted to kill Khirash, but the *Ahabish* prevented them until he came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). He called 'Umar to send him to Makkah, but he said: "O Messenger of Allah, I fear Quraysh for my life, and there is no one from Banu 'Adi there to protect me, and Quraysh knows my enmity toward them and my harshness against them. But I will guide you to a man who is more honored than I: 'Uthman ibn 'Affan." The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) called him and sent him to Quraysh to inform them that he had not come for war, and that he had come as a visitor to this House, honoring its sanctity. 'Uthman went out until he came to Makkah. Aban ibn Sa'id ibn al-'As met him, dismounted from his mount, carried him in front of him, rode behind him, and granted him protection until he delivered the message of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). 'Uthman went until he came to Abu Sufyan and the nobles of Quraysh and delivered to them what the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had sent him with. They said to 'Uthman: "If you wish to circumambulate the House, then do so." He said: "I would not do so until the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) circumambulates it." They detained 'Uthman with them, and it reached the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and the Muslims that 'Uthman had been killed. Muhammad said: Al-Zuhri informed me that Quraysh sent Suhayl ibn 'Amr, one of the Banu 'Amir ibn Lu'ayy, and said: "Go to Muhammad and make peace with him, but let the peace be only that he returns from us this year, for by Allah, the Arabs shall never speak of him entering it against us by force." Suhayl ibn 'Amr came to him, and when the Prophet (ﷺ) saw him, he said: "The people have intended peace when they sent this man." When he reached the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), they spoke, and they prolonged the conversation, and they went back and forth until peace was established between them. When the matter was settled and nothing remained but the writing, 'Umar ibn al-Khattab jumped up and came to Abu Bakr and said: "O Abu Bakr, is he not the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)? Are we not Muslims? Are they not polytheists?" He said: "Yes." He said: "Then why should we accept humiliation in our religion?" Abu Bakr said: "O 'Umar, hold fast to his stirrup, for I bear witness that he is the Messenger of Allah." 'Umar said: "And I bear witness." Then he came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and said: "O Messenger of Allah, are we not Muslims? Are they not polytheists?" He said: "Yes." He said: "Then why should we accept humiliation in our religion?" He said: "I am the servant of Allah and His Messenger; I will not disobey His command, and He will not let me down." 'Umar later said: "I continued to fast, give charity, pray, and free slaves because of what I did, fearing the words I spoke that day, until I hoped that it would be good." He said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) called 'Ali ibn Abi Talib and said to him: "Write: *In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful*." Suhayl ibn 'Amr said: "I do not know this; write: *In Your name, O Allah*." The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to him: "Write: *In Your name, O Allah. This is what Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah, has agreed upon with Suhayl ibn 'Amr*." Suhayl ibn 'Amr said: "If I testified that you were the Messenger of Allah, I would not have fought you. But write: *This is what Muhammad ibn 'Abdullah and Suhayl ibn 'Amr have agreed upon: to cease war for ten years, during which the people will be safe and refrain from one another, on the condition that whoever comes to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) from his companions without the permission of his guardian, he will return him to them, and whoever comes to Quraysh from those who are with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), they will not return him to him. And between us is a hidden pact, and there shall be no treachery or deceit.*" It was in their conditions when they wrote the document that whoever wished to enter into the covenant and treaty of Muhammad could do so, and whoever wished to enter into the covenant and treaty of Quraysh could do so. Khuza'ah rushed forward and said: "We are with the covenant and treaty of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)." Banu Bakr rushed forward and said: "We are in the covenant and treaty of Quraysh." And that you return from us this year and do not enter Makkah against us, and that when the coming year arrives, we will depart from you, and you shall enter it with your companions and stay for three days with the weapons of a traveler; you shall not enter it except with swords in their sheaths. While the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was writing the document, Abu Jandal ibn Suhayl ibn 'Amr came in chains, having escaped to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). He said: The companions of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had set out not doubting the victory because of a vision the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had seen. When they saw what they saw of the peace, the return, and what the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had taken upon himself, the people were overcome by a great matter, to the point that they were almost destroyed. When Suhayl saw Abu Jandal, he stood up to him and struck his face, then said: "O Muhammad, the matter between me and you has been settled before this one came to you." He said: "You have spoken the truth." He stood up to him and took him by his collar. Abu Jandal shouted at the top of his voice: "O assembly of Muslims, will you return me to the people of polytheism so they may persecute me in my religion?" The people felt even worse than they already did. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "O Abu Jandal, be patient and seek the reward from Allah, for Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, will grant you and those with you among the oppressed a relief and a way out. We have concluded a peace between us and the people, and we have given them a pledge on that, and they have given us a covenant, and we will not betray them." He said: 'Umar ibn al-Khattab jumped up with Abu Jandal and began walking beside him, saying: "Be patient, Abu Jandal, for they are only polytheists, and the blood of one of them is only the blood of a dog." He brought the hilt of his sword close to him. He said: "I hoped he would take the sword and strike his father with it." But the man was too fond of his father, and the matter was finalized. When they finished the document, and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was praying in the sanctuary while he was in the state of *Hill* (outside the sacred boundary), the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) stood up and said: "O people, slaughter and shave." He said: No one stood up. He said: Then he repeated it, and no one stood up. He repeated it again, and no one stood up. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) returned and entered upon Umm Salamah and said: "O Umm Salamah, what is the matter with the people?" She said: "O Messenger of Allah, they have been overcome by what you have seen. Do not speak to any of them, but go to your sacrificial animal where it is, slaughter it, and shave; for if you do that, the people will do it." The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) went out and did not speak to anyone until he came to his sacrificial animal, slaughtered it, then sat and shaved. The people stood up, slaughtering and shaving. He said: Until, when he was between Makkah and Madinah, in the middle of the road, the Surah of *al-Fath* (The Victory) was revealed.