Tafsir of Al-Maa'oun 107:2

The fa (ف) in His saying, the Exalted, "Fadhālika yaduʿu al-yatīm" (For that is the one who repels the orphan), is said to be causative, following the anticipation indicated by the preceding speech. It is also said that it occurs as a response to a deleted conditional clause, such that "that" (dhālika) is the subject and the relative pronoun (alladhī) is the predicate. The meaning is: "Do you know the one who denies the Recompense, or Islam? If you do not know him, then that one who denies such things is the one who yaduʿu (repels) the orphan," meaning he pushes him away with violent repulsion and rebukes him with an ugly rebuke.

The demonstrative pronoun was placed in the position of the personal pronoun to indicate belittlement, and it is also said to signal the cause of the judgment. Furthermore, in using the relative pronoun, there is a clear indication of the realization of the connection [to the act]. Ali—may Allah, the Exalted, ennoble his countenance—as well as al-Hasan, Abu Raja, and al-Yamani, read it as yadaʿu (with a light dāl), meaning he neglects the orphan, does not treat him with kindness, and treats him with harshness.