Tafsir of Maryam 19:34

(That) is a demonstrative pronoun referring to the one whose magnificent attributes have been detailed. It contains an indication of the loftiness of his rank, the remoteness of his station, and his distinction from others through those praiseworthy virtues, as well as his placement in the position of something sensory and witnessed. It is the subject, and its predicate is His saying, the Almighty: (Isa [Jesus]). His saying, the Exalted: (son of Maryam) is an adjective for Isa, or a second predicate, or a substitute (badal), or an explanatory apposition (ʿatf bayān). The majority consider it an adjective. The intent is: "That is Isa son of Maryam," and not what the Christians describe him to be. This is a refutation of them in the most eloquent manner and according to the demonstrative method, as he is described with the opposites of what they attribute to him, such as servitude to his Creator, the Exalted, which contradicts his being—upon him be peace—a god or a son of God, the Almighty. Thus, exclusivity (al-hasr) is derived from the import of the speech. It is said that it is derived from the definiteness of both parties (the subject and predicate), based on what al-Kirmani mentioned—that making both definite absolutely implies exclusivity. This is according to some commentaries on al-Kashshaf. It is also said that its derivation from the definiteness—as they also mentioned—is based on the fact that "Isa" is interpreted as being equivalent to the definite article, meaning: "the one named Isa." This is as you see, so you should hold to the first view.

(The word of truth) is in the accusative case as a commendation. By "the Truth," God Almighty is meant, and by "the word," His word, the Almighty. It is applied to him, upon him be peace, in the sense that he was created by the word "Be" (kun) without a father. It is also said: it is in the accusative case as a state (hal) of Isa, and the meaning of "the Truth" and "the word" is what you have heard. It is also said: it is in the accusative case as an infinitive (masdar), meaning: "I speak the word of truth." It is also said: it is an infinitive emphasizing the content of the sentence, in the accusative case due to an elided "the most truthful" (ahaqqu) which is obligatory to omit. The Shaykh al-Islam said: It is an infinitive emphasizing "He said, 'Indeed, I am a servant of God...'" and so on, and His saying, the Exalted: (That is Isa son of Maryam) is a parenthetical clause confirming the content of what preceded it, though this is far-fetched. "The Truth" in the three interpretations means "veracity," and the genitive construction (idafa) is, according to a group, one of explanation, while according to Abu Hayyan, it is the genitive of the described (the noun) added to the description (the adjective).

The majority recited (the word [qawlu]) in the nominative case as the predicate of an elided subject, meaning: "He is the word of the Truth in which there is no doubt." The implied pronoun refers to the preceding speech or the completion of the story. It is said: it is an adjective for Isa, or a substitute, or a predicate after a predicate for "that"—if "that" is the subject and "Isa" is the substitute or explanatory apposition. The meaning in all these cases is the word of God, the Almighty. Ibn Mas’ud recited (said the Truth [qala al-haqqu]) and "God said," both with the nominative (qala). From al-Hasan, it is narrated as (the word [qulu]) with the damma on the qaf and lam. "Qawl," "qal," and "qul" are identical in meaning, like "ruhb," "rahb," and "ruhb." Abu Hayyan asserted that they are infinitives. According to Ibn al-Sikkit, "al-qal" and likewise "al-qil" are nouns, not infinitives. Talha and al-A’mash, in one narration, recited (said the Truth [qala al-haqqu]) with the damma on the lam of "qala," treating it as a past tense verb, and the nominative on "al-haqqu" as the subject (doer). In this reading, (That is Isa son of Maryam) is treated as the direct object of the verb, meaning: God, the Almighty, said, "That one described with what has been mentioned is Isa son of Maryam."

(Concerning whom they dispute [yamtarun])—meaning they doubt or contend. The Jews say: "He is a sorcerer," and far is he from that. And the Christians say: "He is the son of God," and exalted is God above what they say. The relative pronoun (alladhi) is an adjective for "the word," "the truth," or the predicate of an elided subject, meaning: "He is the one regarding whom, etc.," depending on the difference in interpretation and recitation. Ali—may God ennoble his face—, al-Sulami, Dawud ibn Abi Hind, Nafi’ in one narration, and al-Kisa’i recited (you dispute [tamtarun]) with the ta of address.