Tafsir of Maryam 19:89

{ لقد جئتم شيئاً إداً } (89) is a refutation of their false assertion and a depiction of the gravity of their affair through the method of iltifat (shifting) from the third person to the second person address. This shift serves as an indication of the perfection of indignation and the intensity of wrath, clarifying the ultimate degree of vilification and condemnation, and recording against them the utmost level of insolence, ignorance, and audacity.

It is said: There is no shift, and the speech is based on the estimation of "Say to them: You have brought...", and so forth.

Al-idd (الإد), with the kasrah on the alif, is as in the reading of the majority, and with the fat-hah on the alif, as read by al-Sulami, means: the amazing/astonishing, as Ibn Khalawayh said. It is also said: the grave/monstrous (the munkar). Al-add (الأد) is intensity; "adḍanī al-amr" (أدني الأمر) means: it burdened me and weighed heavily upon me. Al-Raghib said: Al-idd is the munkar in which there is an uproar, from their saying: "addat al-naqah ta'iddu" (أدت الناقة تئد), meaning the she-camel repeated her braying intensely.

It is also said: Al-add with the fat-hah is the verbal noun (masdar), and with the kasrah it is a noun, meaning: you have performed an astonishing matter or a severe monstrosity whose magnitude cannot be measured. This is because "jā'a" (came) and "atā" (brought/performed) are used in the sense of "fa'ala" (did/performed), and thus they take the same direct object. Al-Tabarsi said: It is a case of omission and connection (elision), meaning: "You have brought a thing of monstrous intensity (bi-shay'in iddin)."