Tafsir of Al Imran 3:34

(A progeny, some of it from the other) is in the accusative case as a substitution (badal) for the two families (ālīn), or as a state (ḥāl) derived from them.

It has been said: It is a substitution for Nūḥ and those who came after him. It is also permitted that it be a substitution for Ādam and those conjoined to him. Abū al-Baqāʾ rejected this on the basis that Ādam is not a progeny (dhurriyyah). He was answered by the claim that this is based on what al-Raghib and others explicitly stated: that the term dhurriyyah is applied to both fathers and sons because it is derived from al-dharʾ, meaning creation and origination; the child is created from the father. However, the immediate understanding of dhurriyyah is offspring, and a discussion regarding this has already preceded.

The meaning is that they are a single progeny, branching from one another in lineage, as is indicated by the mention of their being a progeny. It is narrated from Abū ʿAbd Allāh—may God Most High be pleased with him—and chosen by al-Jubāʾī, and ʿAbd ibn Ḥumayd recorded from Qatādah, that he said: (Some of it from the other) refers to intent, action, sincerity, and monotheism.

In the first view, "from" (min) is originative (ibtidāʾiyyah) and the connection is approximate. In the second view, it is connective (ittiṣāliyyah) and the connection is demonstrative. It is also said that it is connective in both instances.

(And God is All-Hearing) of the statements of His servants, All-Knowing of their actions and what their chests conceal, so He chooses whom He wills among them. The sentence is a concluding confirmation (tadhīl) establishing the content of what preceded it.