Tafsir of Ar-Rum 30:12

Surah Ar-Rum 30:12

ﲬ ﲭ ﲮ ﲯ ﲰ

And the Day the Hour appears the criminals will be in despair.

Tafsir

Ruh al-Ma'ani

Verse range: 30:12

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**(And the Day the Hour establishes)** Which is the time of the re-creation and their return to Him, the Almighty and Majestic:

**(The criminals will despair [yublisun])** Meaning, they will be silenced, and their arguments will be severed. Al-Raghib said: *Iblas* (despair) is the grief that arises from intense hopelessness. From this, it is said that the name "Iblis" is derived. Since the one who is in a state of *iblas* often resorts to silence and forgets what might assist him, it is said: "So-and-so *ablasa*" (became desperate/silent) when he is silenced and his argument is cut off. A she-camel is described as *mublas* if she does not bleat due to the intensity of her desire for the stallion. Ibn Thabit said: It is said a man *ablasa* when he despairs of all good. In the Hadith, it is said: "And I will be the one who brings them glad tidings when they have despaired (*ablasu*)." The intent by "the criminals," according to what Al-Tayyibi indicated, is those who did evil, but he replaced their pronoun with the noun [the criminals] to document this heinous description against them and to signal the cause of the judgment.

**Ali—may Allah honor his countenance—and Al-Sulami read it as (yablasu) with a fathah on the lam.** This is explained as the verb being derived from *ablasahu* (he silenced him). Its apparent form suggests it is transitive. Abu al-Baqa’, Al-Samin, and others have denied this, to the point that they went to great lengths and said: "Its origin is *yablasu iblas al-mujrimin* (the despairing of the criminals)," implying the standing of the *masdar* (verbal noun) in place of the subject, then its omission, and the substitution of the genitive construct (*mudaf ilayh*) in its place. Al-Khafaji—may Allah have mercy upon him—refuted this, saying: "The invalidity of this is not hidden, because *iblas al-mujrimin* is a *masdar* attributed to its doer, and its doer is the very same doer of the verb; so how can it be a deputy subject (*na’ib al-fa’il*)?" So, contemplate this.

**You know that whenever a recitation is established as authentic, you should not listen to the claim that the transitive usage of *ablasa* is not heard.**