{And the Day the Hour establishes...}

(And the Day the Hour establishes) is repeated to emphasize its terror and the heinous nature of what occurs within it. It is an adverbial adjunct (zaraf) for the verb that follows it. The saying of the Exalted, (On that Day), according to what al-Tabrisi mentioned, is an appositive (badal) for it.

In al-Bahr, it is stated that the nunation (tanwin) in "on that Day" (yawma'idhin) is a nunation of substitution for the omitted clause; meaning: "And the Day the Hour establishes is the day when the criminals shall despair" [30:14]. Its apparent implication is that "on that Day" is an adverbial adjunct for "establishes," and the flaw in making the clause substituted by the nunation what he mentioned is not hidden.

In Irshad al-'Aql al-Salim, it is stated that the saying of the Exalted (On that Day they will be separated) is an intensification of the terror of the Day of Judgment, following a previous intensification. It contains an indication that the separation occurs in a portion of it. In the aspect of the indication toward this by what was mentioned, there is obscurity. The pronoun in (they will be separated) refers to the believers and the disbelievers, indicated by the preceding mention of the generality of creation and the subsequent detail. al-Zamakhshari and a group have held this view.

He further stated in al-Irshad: It [the pronoun] refers to all of creation, who are indicated by what preceded regarding their beginning, their return, and their resurrection—not the criminals specifically. Abu Hayyan said: It appears that it refers to the creation mentioned before it, which is that which is mentioned in His saying, "Allah originates creation, then He will repeat it" [30:11]. The intent of their separation is their difference in places and states, as the detailed account indicates. This is not with regard to every individual, but with regard to every faction. Ibn Abi Hatim recorded from al-Hasan that he said regarding this: "These will be in the highest registers, and those will be in the lowest of the low." The detailed account also indicates this, and this separation is after the completion of the reckoning.