Surah Luqman 31:9
ﲏ ﲐ ﲑ ﲒ ﲓ ﲔ ﲕ ﲖ ﲗ ﲘ
Wherein they abide eternally; [it is] the promise of Allah [which is] truth. And He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
Tafsir of Luqman 31:9
Tafsir
Ruh al-Ma'ani
Verse range: 31:9
*Khālidīna fīhā* (Abiding eternally therein) This is an accusative state (*ḥāl*) either from the pronoun governed by the genitive or the one hidden in *lahum* (for them), based on the premise that it is a predicate placed at the beginning; or it is a state from *jannāt* (gardens), based on the premise that it is the subject of the adverbial phrase, due to the latter’s reliance [on its position] by occurring as a predicate, and the operator is that to which the *lam* (in *lahum*) is attached.
Zayd ibn ‘Alī, may Allah be pleased with them both, recited it as khālidūna (in the nominative), which is based on the estimation of “[they are] abiding.”
Wa‘da Allāhi (The promise of Allah) is an infinitive used to emphasize itself—that is, it emphasizes what is effectively itself, which is the sentence that explicitly denotes its meaning, namely His saying: “For them are the gardens of pleasure,” for it is explicit in its promise.
His saying, ḥaqqā (truly), is an infinitive also emphasizing that sentence; however, it is considered an emphasis for something else, since not every promise is true in its essence.
It has been permitted that it could be an emphasis for wa‘da Allāhi, which is itself an emphasis, or that it is an emphasis for that sentence, counted among the emphases for itself, based on its indication of verification and constancy from several perspectives. This is far-fetched. In al-Kashf, it is stated that this is not valid, because emphasized reports do not depart from the possibility of falsehood, so contemplate this.
Wa huwa al-‘Azīzu (And He is the All-Mighty)—He whom nothing can overcome so as to prevent the fulfillment of His promise or the realization of His threat—al-Ḥakīmu (the All-Wise)—He who does not act except in accordance with what wisdom and benefit dictate. This exclusivity is understood from the context (faḥwā). The sentence is a concluding clause (tadhyīl) confirming the veracity of His promise, specifically for those mentioned, pointing toward the threat for their opposites.