Tafsir of Ya seen 36:44

This is a mufarragh exception (an exception where the excluded category is not mentioned) from the most general causes, encompassing both the preceding motive and the subsequent end. That is, they are neither succored nor rescued for any reason whatsoever, except for a great mercy from Us—which prompts the succor and rescue—and an enjoyment of life resulting from them.

It is also permissible that "mercy" refers to what accompanies the enjoyment of worldly life; thus, both [mercy and enjoyment] would be the end/goal of the succor and rescue—meaning: for a type of mercy and enjoyment.

Al-Zajjaj and Al-Kisa'i held the view that it is a mufarragh exception functioning as a maf'ul li-ajlihi (an object for the sake of which an action is done). While the outward appearance of the exception suggests it is connected (muttasil), it has been said that it is disconnected (munqati'), carrying the meaning: "But a mercy from Us and an enjoyment will be the cause of their salvation"—though this [interpretation] is not very sound.

It has also been permitted that the accusative case is due to an implicit preposition (ba'), meaning: "Except by a mercy and an enjoyment," with the prepositional phrase attached to [the verb] "they are rescued." When the preposition was omitted, the noun that was governed by it took the accusative case due to the removal of the preposition. It is also said that it is an infinitive (masdar) for an omitted verb, meaning: "Except that We show them mercy and grant them enjoyment." The state of this [view] is evident, as is the state of the one preceding it.

Meaning: until a time for which their appointed terms have been decreed according to what [Divine] Wisdom necessitates. From this, Abu al-Tayyib derived his saying: "I was not spared so that I might remain, but I was spared from [one] death until [the next] death."

The apparent [meaning] is that the one being spoken of is whoever Allah the Almighty wills to drown. Ibn Atiyyah said: "Indeed, {فَلا صَرِيخَ لَهُمْ} (there is no helper for them)... etc., is a new statement of information regarding those who travel by sea, whether they are those who are saved or those who are drowned; meaning there is no salvation for them except by the mercy of Allah the Almighty." It is not tied specifically to those who are drowned. It may be correct to tie it to them [the drowned], but the former [interpretation] is better—so contemplate it.

We have indeed contemplated it, and we found no beauty in it, let alone it being "better."

The particle fa (in fala sariikha) is manifest in [showing] the connection of what follows it to what precedes it.