Tafsir of As-Saffat 37:129-132

Surah As-Saffat 37:132

ﱙ ﱚ ﱛ ﱜ

Indeed, he was of Our believing servants.

Tafsir

Ruh al-Ma'ani

Verse range: 37:129-132

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"And We left for him among the later ones: Peace be upon the family of Yasin. Indeed, thus do We reward the doers of good. Indeed, he was of Our believing servants."

The discourse regarding this is the same as its counterpart [in the previous verses], except that it is said here that "Al Yasin" (the family of Yasin) is a dialectal variation of "Ilyas" (Elijah). Arabs frequently alter non-Arabic names. In al-Kashshaf, it is suggested that the addition of the Ya and the Nun might have a meaning in the Syriac language; "Sinai" and "Sinin" fall into this category. This particular form was chosen here to maintain the rhyme scheme. It has also been said that it is the plural of "Ilyas" by way of taghlib (generalization), by including his people and followers, similar to "al-Muhallabin" for al-Muhallab and his people.

This has been weakened by what the grammarians stated: that when a proper noun is pluralized or dualized, it must be defined with the definite article "al-" to compensate for the loss of its status as a proper noun. There is no difference in this between a case of taghlib and other cases, as Ibn al-Hajib explicitly stated in his commentary on al-Mufassal. However, this is not universally agreed upon. Ibn Ya’ish said in his commentary on al-Mufassal: "It is permissible to use it as an indefinite noun after dualization and pluralization, such as 'Zaidan kariman' (two noble Zaids) and 'Zaidun karimun' (noble Zaids), and this is the preference of Shaykh Abd al-Qahir." They have exhausted the discussion on this in detailed grammar books. Furthermore, this debate only arises for those who do not consider the "al-" in "Ilyas" as a definite article; for those who do, this debate does not apply.

It is also said: It is the plural of "Ilyasi" (with the relative Ya of attribution), where the Ya was lightened due to the clustering of Yas in the genitive and accusative cases, just as "A’jamayn" is said for "A’jamiyayn" and "Ash’arayn" for "Ash’ariyayn." The intent by "Al Yasin" is the sincere people of Ilyas, for they are the most deserving to be attributed to him. This is weakened by the scarcity of such a form, and because [the word] "Ilyasah" would be the plural of "Ilyas." If it were said that deleting the "al-" from "Ilyas" removes the ambiguity, it would also be inconsistent with the context and the sequence, as the "family" (al) of none of the other prophets was mentioned.

Nafi’, Ibn ‘Amir, Ya’qub, and Zayd ibn ‘Ali read it as "Al Yasin" (in the construct state), and it was written in the ‘Uthmanic Mushaf separately, which offers some support for this reading. It is explained that Yasin is the name of the father of Ilyas, and "Al" (family) refers to Ilyas himself; using the pronoun to refer to him is a way of showing him reverence, just as "Al Ibrahim" (the family of Abraham) is used to refer to our Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. It is also permissible that "Al" is an addition, implying that Yasin is Ilyas himself.

It is also said that Yasin is a name for Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and therefore "Al Yasin" means his family, peace and blessings be upon him. Ibn Abi Hatim, al-Tabarani, and Ibn Marduyah narrated from Ibn ‘Abbas that he said regarding "Peace be upon the family of Yasin": "We are the family of Muhammad, the family of Yasin," which is clear in establishing Yasin as a name for him, may Allah bless him and grant him peace.

It is also said: It is a name for the well-known Surah, or a name for the Quran, and thus "Al Yasin" refers to this Muhammadan nation or its elite. It is also said: It is a name for another book other than the Quran. It is not hidden from you that the context and sequence reject most of these statements.

Abu Raja’ and al-Hasan read it as "Ala Ilyasin" (connecting the hamza). Its derivation is known from what has passed. Ibn Mas’ud and those who read with him previously regarding Idris read "Salamun ‘ala Idrisin" (Peace be upon Idrisin). It is narrated from Qatadah "Wa inna Idris" and he read "‘ala Idrisin." Ubayy read "‘ala Ilis" just as he read "Wa inna Ilisa lamina al-mursalin" (And indeed, Ilis was among the messengers).