Tafsir of Az-Zumar 39:40

{He who receives a torment that disgraces him and upon whom descends an everlasting torment}

The first refers to the worldly torment, which befell them on the day of Badr, and the second refers to the otherworldly torment, for the everlasting torment is the torment of the Fire. Had it been said, "I am acting according to my station," at a time when he was not dominant—rather, the matter was the opposite—it would not have been suitable for the intended meaning.

The word "man" (who) can be interpreted as interrogative or relative. The clause "disgraces him" is an adjective describing "torment." "Everlasting" means permanent. There is a figurative usage in the expression regarding the temporal context or the attribution, as the original meaning is "one who causes its possessor to remain."