Tafsir of Muhammad 47:37

(If He should ask you for them)—that is, your wealth—(and press you)—that is, exhaust you by requesting the whole. For al-iḥfā’ and al-ilḥāf signify exaggeration and reaching the ultimate extent in everything. It is said: "He pressed him (aḥfāhu) in questioning," if he leaves nothing out in his importuning. "He trimmed his mustache (aḥfā)," meaning he removed it entirely, taking it to the limit. The root of this, according to al-Rāghib, comes from: "I made the beast ḥāfin (barefoot)," meaning its hoof was worn down, or I caused the camel's foot-pad to wear away from walking until it became thin.

(You would be stingy)—this is the response to the conditional clause. What is meant by stinginess here is the withholding of giving, for in the well-known sense, stinginess is a natural disposition that does not necessarily result from the act of asking.

(And bring out your grudges)—that is, your deep-seated hatreds, due to your excessive love for wealth. The pronoun in "(He) brings out" refers to Allah, the Exalted; this is supported by the recitation of Ya‘qūb—and it is also narrated from Ibn ‘Abbās—(wa nukhriju) "And We bring out," with a damma on the nūn. It is also permissible for the pronoun to refer to the "asking" or to the "stinginess," as either is a cause for bringing out grudges, and the attribution in that case is metaphorical.

‘Abd al-Wārith recited from Abū ‘Amr: (wa yukhriju) with the nominative (rafa‘) as a new sentence (isti’nāf). It is also permissible to consider the sentence an adverbial state (ḥāl), implying "while He brings out." Abū Ḥātim narrated this from ‘Īsā. In al-Lawāmi‘, from ‘Abd al-Wārith from Abū ‘Amr, it is mentioned as: (wa yakhruju) with the yā’ (yakhruju) and an open rā’ and jīm, with (aḍghānukum) in the nominative as the subject.

Ibn ‘Abbās, Mujāhid, Ibn Sīrīn, Ibn Muḥayṣin, Ayyūb ibn al-Mutawakkil, and al-Yamānī recited: (wa takhruju) with a feminine tā’ and the nominative for (aḍghānukum).

It was also recited: (wa yukhraju) with a damma on the yā’ and a fatha on the rā’, with (aḍghānukum) in the nominative as a deputy of the subject (nā’ib al-fā‘il). This is narrated from ‘Īsā, except that he pronounced the jīm with a fatha, implying an (that). Thus, the wāw is a conjunction linking it to an implied source, meaning: "Your stinginess and the bringing out of your grudges would take place."