Tafsir of Qaf 50:10

"And the date palms" is a conjunction linked to "gardens," and it is a collective noun that can be treated as either feminine or masculine. It is mentioned specifically, despite being included in the [general mention of] gardens, to clarify its merit over all other trees. Placing "grain" between them serves to emphasize its independence and distinction from the rest, alongside the consideration of maintaining the [rhythmic] verse endings.

"Tall" (basiqat), meaning long [statured], or potentially meaning "bearing fruit," derived from the verb absaqat al-shah (the ewe became pregnant). In this interpretation, it follows the pattern of af'ala becoming fa'il, whereas the standard analogy would be muf'il; thus, it belongs to the rare linguistic phenomena, similar to tawih and lawih among their other anomalous counterparts, as well as yafi' from ayfa' and baqil from abqala. Its grammatical position is an accusative of state (hal), specifically a prospective state.

Qutbah ibn Malik narrated from the Prophet, may Allah exalt him and grant him peace, that he recited it as basqat with a Sad (instead of a Sin). This is a dialect of the Banu al-'Anbar, who substitute the Sin with a Sad when it is adjacent to—or separated by one or two letters from—a Kha’, ‘Ayn, Ta’, or Qaf.

"Having fruit spathes layered" (tali'un nadid). It means stacked one upon another. The intent is the accumulation of the spathes or the abundance of fruit-bearing material within them. The sentence is an accusative of state (hal) referring to the "date palms," synonymous with "tall," or it refers to the pronoun within "tall," functioning as a nested state. It is also permissible that the prepositional phrase "having" (laha) constitutes the state, while "spathes" (tali') is in the nominative case as the subject of the attribute.