Tafsir of Ad-Dhariyat 51:38

(And in Musa...) This is conjoined to (And We left therein) by estimating a governing agent for it; meaning: "And We placed in Musa..." The sentence is thus conjoined to the preceding sentence. Alternatively, it is conjoined to (therein) by prioritizing the meaning of the governing agent of the verse, or by following the method of mushakala (stylistic correspondence) in conjoining it according to the facets mentioned by grammarians regarding phrases like: "I fed it straw and cold water." It is not correct to apply the verb "left"—in the sense of "preserving/maintaining"—to His saying, Exalted is He, (And in Musa). Thus, the statement of Abu Hayyan—that there is no need to imply "We left" because the governing agent in the prepositional phrase can be the first "We left"—is open to debate.

It is also said: (In Musa) is the predicate of an omitted subject; meaning: "And in Musa [is] a sign." Ibn Atiyyah and others permitted it to be conjoined to His saying, Exalted is He: (In the earth and what is between them)—an interpolation to console him (peace and blessings be upon him) regarding what has passed. This was critiqued in al-Bahr as being extremely far-fetched, for the Noble Quran is exalted above such [an interpretation].

(When We sent him) It is said: this is a substitute (badal) for Musa. It is also said: it is in the accusative case by the word "sign," and it is said: by an omitted [word]; meaning: "existing at the time of Our sending." It is also said: [it is governed] by "We left."

(To Pharaoh with a manifest authority)

(38)

This is what appeared at his hands of dazzling miracles. "Authority" (sultan) is applied to this, while encompassing both the singular and the plural, because it is, in its origin, an infinitive.