Tafsir of At-Tur 52:32

(Or do their minds command them) meaning their intellects. The Quraysh used to call themselves the people of intellect and discernment. According to al-Jahiz, this is because people from all over the world would come to them and mingle with them, and intellect is perfected through travel, the increased observation of different lands and disparate places, and the companionship of those with varied characters; thus, they achieved this purpose without hardship.

It was said to ‘Amr ibn al-‘As: "Why did your people not believe, even though Allah the Almighty has described them as possessing intellect?" He replied: "Those are intellects that Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, has outwitted," meaning they were not accompanied by divine guidance, and therefore they did not believe but instead disbelieved. I, however, do not see in the verse any indication of the superiority of their intellects; perhaps it indicates the contrary because of this contradiction in their speech. For the soothsayer and the poet may possess a complete intellect and a sharp, penetrating wit, while the insane person has their intellect veiled and their thought disordered. This demonstrates that the people, due to their bewilderment and fanaticism, fell into such a state of confusion that their intellects wavered, their statements became contradictory, and they belied themselves without realizing it. The attribution of this command to their "minds" is a metaphor based on the relation of causality. It is also said: "Minds" were made to be commanding via isti'ara makniyya (implicit metaphor), wherein the intellects are likened to an obeyed authority in a concealed manner, establishing for them the act of commanding by way of imaginative representation.

(Or are they a transgressing people?)

Meaning: those who exceed the limits in arrogance and obstinacy, who do not hover near rectitude and soundness, and for that reason, they say what they say of pure lies that fall outside the sphere of reason. Mujahid read it as: "Nay, they are a people..."