Tafsir of At-Tur 52:47

"And indeed, for those who have wronged..." i.e., [there is] for them. The relative pronoun is used in place of the pronoun [of reference] for the reason previously mentioned.

It is permitted to interpret it generally, while they [the wrongdoers] are included primarily, as a "different" (additional) "torment" occurring "before that"—meaning, before what they have no power against, specifically slaughter. This refers to [a time] before it. This is as Mujahid stated: the drought that afflicted them for seven years.

According to Ibn Abbas, it is what befell them on the day of Badr and the Conquest [of Mecca]. He interpreted "before that" as before the Day of Resurrection, based on the understanding that the day in which they will be struck [by the lightning] is that [the Day of Resurrection]. It is also reported from him, and from Al-Bara’ ibn ‘Azib, that it is the torment of the grave. This is built upon the like of that interpretation, and some have leaned toward it based on the notion that "before that" (duna dhalika) means "beyond that" (wara’a dhalika), as in the verse:

He shows you the speck [in the eye], while he is behind it, and he is [also] its protector.

If "the Day" is interpreted as the Day of Resurrection or the like, and "before that" is interpreted as preceding it, and the general meaning is intended by the relative pronoun, then this torment is the torment of the grave or worldly calamities. In the codex of Abdullah [ibn Mas'ud], it is read as "before that" (duna dhalika).

"But most of them do not know." The matter is as mentioned. In this is an indication that among them are those who know this, but persist in disbelief out of obstinacy, or that they do not know anything.