Tafsir of Al-Qamar 54:10

(So he called upon his Lord, "I am...") meaning: "with that I am."

Ibn Abi Ishaq, Isa, al-A'mash, Zayd ibn Ali, and a narration from Asim read it as ("Inni" - Indeed, I am) with a kasra on the hamza. According to the Basrans, this implies an omitted verb of saying (qawl), while the Kufans consider the act of calling (du'a) to be treated grammatically as speech (qawl).

(Overcome): From the perspective of my people, possessing no power to take vengeance upon them.

(So help me): Meaning: "Take vengeance for me upon them."

It is also said: "Take victory for yourself, since they have belied your Messenger."

It is further said: The intended meaning of "overcome" is "my soul has overcome me until I prayed for their destruction." However, this is contrary to the apparent meaning, as he—peace be upon him—did not pray against them until after he had despaired of their faith. The emphasis [in the verse] is for the sake of highlighting the importance of the [divine] mercy intended by the narrative.