Tafsir of Al-Qamar 54:5

"A mature wisdom" — meaning that which reaches the utmost limit of perfection, having no flaw within it.

The nominative case of "wisdom" (ḥikmatun) is considered a substitute for the totality of, or an inclusion of, "what" (mā). It is also said to be a substitute for "a deterrent" (muzdajar), or the predicate of an omitted subject—meaning: "It is" or "This is," on the basis that the indication is toward what the speech implies regarding the sending of messengers, the clarification of evidence, and the warning given to those who have passed; or it refers to what is contained in the "news," or to the approaching Hour and the sign indicating it, as the Imam stated, and the possibility of it being a predicate for "all" in the reading of Zayd was mentioned earlier.

Al-Yamani read "a mature wisdom" (ḥikmatan bālighatan) in the accusative case as a circumstantial qualifier (ḥāl) for "what" (mā), as it is either a relative pronoun or an indefinite noun modified by a description. It is permissible for a circumstantial qualifier to come from it even if it is delayed, or it is according to the implied meaning: "I mean."

"But the warnings avail nothing"

This is either a negation of avail or an interrogative for the purpose of denial. The particle "so" (fā’) indicates the sequence of non-availment following the arrival of this mature wisdom, despite it being a place where one would expect availment. The present tense form indicates renewal and continuity.

Regarding "what" (mā) in the second reading, it is in the accusative position as an absolute object—meaning: "So what sort of availment do the warnings avail?" It is also permitted that it be in the nominative position as an initial subject, with the following clause being the predicate and the returning pronoun being implied—meaning: "So what do the warnings avail of it?"

"The warnings" (al-nudhur) is the plural of "warner" (nadhīr), meaning those who warn. It is also permitted that it be the plural of "warning" (nadhīr) in the sense of the act of warning. This has been countered by the argument that a verbal noun (maṣdar) should not be dualized or pluralized. It has also been claimed that it is like "the warning" (al-indhār), which has been countered by the fact that the feminization of the verb attributed to it refutes this. The condition of it being considered in the sense of "warning" (nadhārah) is evident.