Tafsir of Al-Mujadilah 58:6

"The Day Allah will resurrect them" is in the accusative case (nasb), governed by the prepositional phrase (al-istiqrar) to which the 'lam' [in the preceding verse] is attached, or it is governed by "Muhaymin" (the Overseer), or by an implied command: "Remember," meaning: remember that Day to honor its status and highlight its terror.

It is also said that it is in the accusative because of an implied "will be," as an answer to someone who asked: "When will the punishment of these people be?" It was said to him: "The Day He resurrects them," meaning: the punishment will be on that Day, etc. It is also said that it is governed by "the disbelievers," but that is not correct.

His saying: "All of them together" (jami'an) is a circumstantial qualifier (hal) brought for emphasis. The meaning is that Allah Almighty will resurrect all of them, such that not a single one remains unresurrected. It is also permissible for it to be a non-emphatic qualifier, meaning He will resurrect them gathered upon a single plain. Then He will inform them of the ugly deeds they committed, by clarifying that they emanated from them, or by representing them in that realm with the terrifying forms befitting them, before all the witnesses, to shame them, publicize their state, and increase their disgrace and punishment.

His saying: "Allah has enumerated it" (ahsahu Allah) is an inception (isti'naf) that serves as an answer to what arose from the preceding context—either a question regarding the manner of the informing or the reason for it. It is as if it were said: "How will He inform them of their deeds when they are transient, vanished occurrences?" So, it was said: "Allah Almighty has enumerated them by count," and nothing of them has escaped Him, Glory be to Him.

His saying: "While they have forgotten it" is, at that time, a circumstantial qualifier for the object of "enumerated," with or without an implied "already" (qad). Or, it is said: [The question was] "Will He not inform them of that?" and it was said: "Allah Almighty has enumerated it, and they have forgotten it, so He will inform them of it so they may know that the punishment they are witnessing has befallen them precisely because of those deeds." In this, there is additional rebuke and regret for them, beyond mere shaming and publicizing.

"And Allah is Witness over all things." He is not absent from any affair at all. The sentence is an appendant, supplementary clause confirming His, the Almighty’s, enumeration of their deeds.

His saying: "Do you not see that Allah knows what is in the heavens and what is in the earth?" is an attestation to the comprehensiveness of His witness. That is: do you not know that He, the Almighty, knows what exists within them, whether that be through [His] establishment in them or by being a part of them?