Tafsir of Abasa 80:33

This is the commencement of an exposition regarding the states of their resurrection, following the exposition of matters related to their creation and their livelihood. The Fa (ف) is used to indicate that what follows is a consequence of what the word mata’ (provision) implies—namely, the swift vanishing of those blessings and the proximity of their decay.

As-Sakhkhah (the deafening blast) is the great calamity. It is derived from sakha, meaning asakha, i.e., he listened. It refers to the second Trumpet blast. It is described as such because people listen intently to it; thus, it is made a "listener" metaphorically, either in terms of the context or the attribution.

Al-Raghib said: As-Sakhkhah is the intensity of a sound that possesses articulation; it is said sakha, yasukhu, so he is sakh. Therefore, it is also metaphorically synonymous with as-Sa’ihah (the clamorous cry). It is also said to be derived from sakhahu with a stone, meaning he struck him. Al-Khalil said: It is a cry that strikes the ears with intensity, meaning it deafens them due to the force of its impact. From this, the scholar Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi derived his statement: "The Sakhkhah is that which bequeathes deafness, yet it is profoundly audible." This is of wondrous eloquence, like the saying:

The caller is deafened by you, even if he were capable of hearing.

He then said: "By the life of Allah the Exalted, the cry of the Day of Resurrection is audible; it deafens one to the world and makes one hear the matters of the Hereafter."

The response to Idha (when) and to Yawma (on the day) is in the subsequent words of Allah the Exalted.