Tafsir of At-Takweer 81:22

"And your companion is not mad."

This means: Your companion, who is the Messenger of Allah (may Allah Almighty bless him and grant him peace), is not mad, as the disbelievers—may Allah Almighty destroy them—falsely accused him. By using the title of "companionship" added to their pronoun—which is the correct interpretation—there is a refutation of them in the most subtle manner. It points to the fact that he (blessings and peace be upon him) grew up among you from the beginning of his life until now, so you are most familiar with him and know that he (may Allah Almighty bless him and grant him peace) is the most perfect of creation in intellect, the most sound in speech, the most complete in character, and the clearest in mind. Thus, no one would attribute madness to him except one who is composed of folly and madness itself.

Al-Zamakhshari argued from the hyperbole used in mentioning Gabriel (peace be upon him), contrasted with its omission regarding the Prophet (may Allah Almighty bless him and grant him peace), that Gabriel is superior to the Prophet (may Allah Almighty bless him and grant him peace). Others have responded to this with arguments that have been scrutinized. The approach in answering this, according to what is in al-Kashf, is that the discourse is driven toward establishing the truth of what has been revealed, as an indication of the veracity of the horrors of the Resurrection mentioned therein. You know that it is the characteristic of an eloquent speaker to restrict the speech to what has preceded so that the addition is not considered a stutter or superfluous. There is no doubt that describing the one who brings the message with such attributes strengthens that [the message] in the most powerful way. As for describing the one to whom it was revealed, it has no relevance in this context unless the objective is to urge [the people] to follow him. Therefore, the hyperbole regarding Gabriel (peace be upon him) and the listing of his perfect attributes, while omitting this in the case of our Prophet (upon him be the best of prayers and salutations), does not indicate his [Gabriel's] superiority in any way.

Some have said that the hyperbole in describing Gabriel (peace be upon him) is an eloquent praise for the Prophet (may Allah Almighty bless him and grant him peace), because when a King sends to someone an envoy who is honored, exalted, and close to him, it indicates that the one to whom the envoy is sent holds a status with him that is second to none. You already know that the context is not for exaggerating the praise of the one to whom the revelation was sent. It has also been said that the "Messenger" mentioned is our Prophet (may Allah Almighty bless him and grant him peace), just as the "companion" is, but this is contrary to the apparent meaning held by the majority.