Tafsir of Al-Isra 17:52

يوم يدعوكم

On the Day when He will call you, meaning the Lord, may He be blessed and exalted:

إذا دعاكم دعوة من اﻻرض إذآ أنتم تخرجون

When He will call you by a single call, behold, you will come out from the earth. (30:25), meaning, when He commands you to come out from the earth, for nothing can oppose Him or prevent His command from being fulfilled. Rather, it is as He says:

وما أمرنا إﻻ وحدة كلمح بالبصر

And Our commandment is but one as the twinkling of an eye. (54:50)

إنما قولنا لشء إذآ أردناه أن نقول له كن فيكون

Verily, Our Word unto a thing when We intend it, is only that We say unto it: "Be!'' - and it is. (16:40)

فٳنما هى زجرة وحدة فٳذا هم بالساهرة

But it will be only a single Zajrah. When behold, they find themselves (on the surface of the earth) alive (after their death). (79:13-14), meaning, it will be just one definitive command, then the people will have come out from the inside of the earth to its surface, as Allah says:

يوم يدعوكم

فتستجيبون بحمده

On the Day when He will call you, and you will answer with (words of) His praise. meaning, you will all rise up in response to His command and in obedience to His will.

وتظنون

and you will think, means, on the Day when you rise up from your graves,

إن لبثتم

that you have stayed (in this earthly abode),

إﻻ قليﻼ

but a little while. This is like the Ayah:

كٲنهم يوم يرونها لم يلبثوا إﻻ عشية أو ضحها

The Day they see it, (it will be) as if they had not tarried (in this world) except an afternoon or a morning. (79:46) Allah says:

يوم ينفخ فى الصور ونحشر المجرمين يوميذ زرقا

يتخفتون بينهم إن لبثتم إﻻ عشرا

نحن أعلم بما يقولون إذ يقول أمثلهم طريقة إن لبثتم إﻻ يوما

The Day when the Trumpet will be blown: that Day, We shall gather the blue or blind-eyed with thirst. They will speak in a very low voice to each other (saying): "You stayed not longer than ten (days).'' We know very well what they will say, when the best among them in knowledge and wisdom will say: "You stayed no longer than a day!'' (20:102-104)

ويوم تقوم الساعة يقسم المجرمون ما لبثوا غير ساعة كذلك كانوا يوفكون

And on the Day that the Hour will be established, they will swear that they stayed not but an hour - thus were they ever deluded. (30:55)

قل كم لبثتم فى اﻻرض عدد سنين

قالوا لبثنا يوما أو بعض يوم فاسٲل العادين

قال إن لبثتم إﻻ قليﻼ لو أنكم كنتم تعلمون

He will say: "What number of years did you stay on earth!'' They will say: "We stayed a day or part of a day. Ask of those who keep account.'' He will say: "You stayed not but a little, if you had only known!'' (23:112-114)