ﱵ ﱶ ﱷ ﱸ ﱹ ﱺ ﱻ ﱼ ﱽ ﱾ ﱿ ﲀ ﲁ ﲂ ﲃ ﲄ ﲅ ﲆ ﲇ ﲈ ﲉ ﲊ ﲋ ﲌ ﲍ ﲎ ﲏ ﲐ ﲑ ﲒ ﲓ ﲔ ﲕ ﲖ ﲗ ﲘ ﲙ
They have been put under humiliation [by Allah] wherever they are overtaken, except for a covenant from Allah and a rope from the Muslims. And they have drawn upon themselves anger from Allah and have been put under destitution. That is because they disbelieved in the verses of Allah and killed the prophets without right. That is because they disobeyed and [habitually] transgressed.
Tafsir
Verse range: 3:112
ضربت عليهم الذلة أين ما ثقفوا إﻻ بحبل من الله وحبل من الناس
Indignity is put over them wherever they may be, except when under a covenant (of protection) from Allah, and a covenant from men; meaning, Allah has placed humiliation and disgrace on them wherever they may be, and they will never be safe,
إﻻ بحبل من الله
(except when under a covenant from Allah), under the Dhimmah (covenant of protection) from Allah that requires them to pay the Jizyah (tax, to Muslims,) and makes them subservient to Islamic Law
وحبل من الناس
(and a covenant from men); meaning, covenant from men, such as pledges of protection and safety offered to them by Muslim men and women, and even a slave, according to one of the sayings of the scholars. Ibn Abbas said that,
إﻻ بحبل من الله وحبل من الناس
(except when under a covenant from Allah, and a covenant from men); refers to a covenant of protection from Allah and a pledge of safety from people. Similar was said by Mujahid, Ikrimah, Ata, Ad-Dahhak, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, As-Suddi and Ar-Rabi bin Anas. Allah's statement,
وباووا بغضب من الله
they have drawn on themselves the wrath of Allah, means, they earned Allah's anger, which they deserved.
وضربت عليهم المسكنة
and destitution is put over them, meaning they deserve it by decree and legislatively. Allah said next,
ذلك بٲنهم كانوا يكفرون بايات الله ويقتلون اﻻنبياء بغير حق
This is because they disbelieved in the Ayat of Allah and killed the Prophets without right. meaning, what drove them to this was their arrogance, transgression and envy, earning them humiliation, degradation and disgrace throughout this life and the Hereafter. Allah said,
ذلك بما عصوا وكانوا يعتدون
This is because they disobeyed and used to transgress (the limits set by Allah). meaning, what lured them to disbelieve in Allah's Ayat and kill His Messengers, is the fact that they often disobeyed Allah's commands, committed His prohibitions and transgressed His set limits. We seek refuge from this behavior, and Allah Alone is sought for each and every type of help
