Tafsir of At-Tawbah 9:49

Allah tells,

ومنهم من يقول

And among them is he who says: Allah says, some hypocrites say to you, O Muhammad,

ايذن لي

Grant me leave, (to stay behind),

وﻻ تفتني

and put me not into trial, if I go with you and see the women of the Romans. Allah, the Exalted, replied,

أﻻ في الفتنة سقطوا

Surely, they have fallen into trial, because of the statement they uttered. Muhammad bin Ishaq reported from Az-Zuhri, Yazid bin Ruwman, Abdullah bin Abi Bakr, Asim bin Qatadah and several others that they said, "The Messenger of Allah said to Al-Jadd bin Qays from Bani Salimah,

هل لك يا جد العام في جﻼد بني اﻻصفر

`Would you like to fight the yellow ones (Romans) this year? He said, `O Allah's Messenger! Give me permission (to remain behind) and do not cause Fitnah for me. By Allah! My people know that there is not a man who is more fond of women than I. I fear that if I see the women of the yellow ones, I would not be patient.' The Messenger of Allah turned away from him and said,

قد أذنت لك

I give you permission. In Al-Jadd's case, this Ayah was revealed,

ومنهم من يقول ايذن لي

وﻻ تفتني

(And among them is he who says: "Grant me leave and put me not into trial).'' Therefore, Allah says that the Fitnah that he fell into because of not joining the Messenger of Allah (in Jihad) and preferring his safety to the safety of the Messenger is worse than the Fitnah that he falsely claimed to fear.'' It was reported from Ibn Abbas, Mujahid and several others that; this Ayah was revealed in the case of Al-Jadd bin Qays, who was among the chiefs of Bani Salimah. It is also recorded in the Sahih that the Messenger of Allah asked,

من سيدكم يا بني سلمة

Who is your chief, O Bani Salamah? They said, "Al-Jadd bin Qays, although we consider him a miser.'' The Messenger of Allah said,

وأي داء أدوأ من البخل ولكن سيدكم الفتى الجعد اﻻأبيض بشر بن البراء بن معرور

There is not a disease worse than stinginess! Therefore, your chief is the white young man with curly hair, Bishr bin Al-Bara' bin Ma'rur. Allah said next,

وإن جهنم لمحيطة بالكافرين

And verily, Hell is surrounding the disbelievers. and they will never be able to avoid, avert, or escape from it