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Tafsir of Ar-Rum 30:29

Surah Ar-Rum 30:29

ﲐ ﲑ ﲒ ﲓ ﲔ ﲕ ﲖ ﲗ ﲘ ﲙ ﲚ ﲛ ﲜ ﲝ ﲞ ﲟ ﲠ ﲡ

But those who wrong follow their [own] desires without knowledge. Then who can guide one whom Allah has sent astray? And for them there are no helpers.

Tafsir

Mafatih al-Ghayb

Verse range: 30:29

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Surah Ar-Rum (The Romans): Verse 29

**(29) Nay, those who transgress follow their own desires without knowledge. So who can guide him whom Allah has left astray? And they will have no helpers.**

Tafsir Points (Based on Fakhr al-Din al-Razi's approach):

  1. Rejection of Shirk (Polytheism): It is not permissible to associate a slave (or created being) with the Master (Allah). Rather, those who commit shirk follow their own whims (ahwa') without any basis in knowledge, establishing partners for Allah without proof.
  1. Divine Will and Guidance: Allah clarifies that this deviation occurs by His will, stating: "So who can guide him whom Allah has left astray?" This means Allah has caused them to deviate, and thus, there is no guide for them. Therefore, their words should not grieve you (the Prophet).
  1. Subtlety in the Statement: There is a subtle point here: The phrase, "So who can guide him whom Allah has left astray?" reinforces the preceding statements.
    • When it was established that Allah has no partner in any capacity, and then it was stated that the polytheists associate partners without knowledge, one might ask: Are you (Allah) allowing them to act contrary to Your pleasure?
    • The response is that a noble Master does not allow His servant to act in a way that contradicts His pleasure independently. Instead, this deviation happens by the will of Allah.
  1. Lack of Support: "...And they will have no helpers." Since they abandoned Allah, Allah abandoned them. Those they rely upon (their false deities) cannot avail them in the slightest; they have no helpers.
**(30) So set your face toward the religion, inclining to truth. [Adhere to] the nature of Allah upon which He has created all people. There is no altering [the fact of] Allah's creation. That is the correct religion, but most of the people do not know.**

Tafsir Points:

  1. Command to Uprightness: "So set your face toward the religion, inclining to truth (hanifan)." This is a command to direct oneself wholly toward the true, monotheistic religion.
  1. The Innate Disposition (Fitra): This religion is "the nature of Allah upon which He has created all people." This signifies that the inclination toward recognizing the oneness of God and rejecting polytheism is inherent in the original creation (fitra) of humanity.
  1. Immutability of Creation: "There is no altering [the fact of] Allah's creation." This emphasizes that the fitra is constant and unchangeable. The true religion aligns perfectly with this innate disposition.
  1. The True Religion: "That is the correct religion (al-din al-qayyim)." This is the straight path, the established and most upright way.
  1. The Veil of Ignorance: "...but most of the people do not know." Despite this innate disposition, the majority of people are veiled by ignorance or external influences, preventing them from recognizing the truth of their own nature and the correctness of this religion.