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Tafsir of Al-Ahzab 33:17

Surah Al-Ahzab 33:17

ﱑ ﱒ ﱓ ﱔ ﱕ ﱖ ﱗ ﱘ ﱙ ﱚ ﱛ ﱜ ﱝ ﱞ ﱟ ﱠ ﱡ ﱢ ﱣ ﱤ ﱥ ﱦ ﱧ ﱨ ﱩ

Say, "Who is it that can protect you from Allah if He intends for you an ill or intends for you a mercy?" And they will not find for themselves besides Allah any protector or any helper.

Tafsir

Mafatih al-Ghayb

Verse range: 33:17

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Al-Ahzab (The Confederates): (17) Say: Who is it...

This verse serves as an affirmation following the preceding statements: {Flight will not benefit you} and {nor will they find for themselves besides Allah}. It reinforces the statement: {Who is it that can protect you...} meaning you have no guardian who intercedes for you out of love for you, nor an ally who supports you and wards off evil when it befalls you.

Verse 17

{ Allah certainly knows those among you who hinder [others] and those who say to their brothers, "Come to us," while they themselves do not come to the battle, except for a few [in number]. }

Tafsir Points (Based on Al-Razi's style):

  1. Contextual Link: This verse clarifies the situation of those who refuse to fight, contrasting them with the general command to obey Allah and His Messenger.
  2. Identification of Hypocrites/Slackers: Allah explicitly knows the hinderers (al-mu'awwiqīn).
  3. The Deception: These individuals actively discourage others from joining the fight by saying to their brethren (those who are ready to go): "Come back to us," or "Stay here with us."
  4. The Reality of Their Claim: Despite their calls for others to stay back, they themselves do not join the battle (wa lā ya'tūna al-ba's) except for a very small number (illā qalīlan). This highlights their cowardice and hypocrisy, as they preach inaction while claiming brotherhood.