Tafsir of Ya seen 36:5

Surah Ya-Sin (36): Verse 5

تنزيل العزيز الرحيم (Tanzīlu al-‘Azīzi ar-Raḥīm)

Readings and Grammatical Analysis:

1. Read with Jarr (Genitive Case):
   • It is read with a jarr (genitive case) as a substitute (badal) for the word al-Qur’ān (mentioned in the preceding verse, "The Wise Qur'an").
   • It is as if the meaning is: "By the Wise Qur'an, this is the Revelation of the All-Mighty, the Most Merciful, verily you are among the Messengers, to warn..."

2. Read with Naṣb (Accusative Case):
   • First Interpretation: It is an implied verbal noun (maṣdar) derived from an implied verb. It is as if the meaning is: "[The Qur'an] was revealed, a Revelation of the All-Mighty, the Most Merciful, so that you may warn..." The implied preceding statement would be: "The Qur'an or the Wise Book was revealed."
   • Second Interpretation: It is the object (maf‘ūl) of an implied verb. It is as if the meaning is: "And the Wise Qur'an, I mean the Revelation of the All-Mighty, the Most Merciful, verily you are among the Messengers, to warn..." (This is the view favored by Al-Zamakhshari).

3. Read with Raf‘ (Nominative Case):
   • First Interpretation: It is the predicate (khabar) of an implied subject (mubtada’). It is as if the meaning is: "This is the Revelation of the All-Mighty, the Most Merciful, so that you may warn..."
   • Second Interpretation (under the Raf‘ reading): It can be the subject (mubtada’) and its predicate is the following phrase, li-tunḏira (to warn). It is as if the meaning is: "The Revelation of the All-Mighty is for the warning."

Significance of "The All-Mighty, The Most Merciful" (Al-‘Azīz ar-Raḥīm):

This description points to the nature of the King (Allah) when He sends a Messenger:

• If the addressees oppose and insult the Messenger, the King cannot take vengeance upon them unless He is All-Mighty (‘Azīz).
• If they fear the Messenger and honor him, the King will show them Mercy (Raḥmah).

Alternatively:

• The Messenger brings commands that restrict (forbidding certain actions) and permissions that release (allowing certain actions). The restriction confirms His Might (‘Izzah), and the release indicates His Mercy (Raḥmah).

لتنذر قوما مآ أنذر ءابآؤهم فهم غافلون (Li-tunḏira qawman mā unḏira ābā’uhum fahum ghāfilūn)