Tafsir of Az-Zukhruf 43:63

Surah Az-Zukhruf (The Ornaments): Verse 63

And when Jesus came with clear signs, he said: "I have brought you wisdom and have come to clarify some of the matters in which you differ."

It is known that the Almighty mentioned that when Jesus came with miracles and clear divine laws:

• {I have brought you wisdom}: Meaning the knowledge of God's Essence, His Attributes, and His Actions.
• {and have come to clarify some of the matters in which you differ}: Meaning that the people of Moses had differed regarding some rulings of obligations (Takaalif) and agreed upon others. Jesus came to clarify the truth in those disputed issues. In summary, wisdom means the fundamentals (Usul) of the religion.
• {some of the matters in which you differ}: Means the branches (Furu') of the religion.

If it is asked: Why did he not clarify everything they differed about? We reply: Because people may differ on matters that they do not need to know about, and it is not obligatory for the Messenger to clarify them.

{So fear Allah and obey me.}

• {So fear Allah}: Regarding disbelief in Him and turning away from His religion.
• {and obey me}: Regarding the obligations I have conveyed to you.

{Indeed, Allah is my Lord and your Lord, so worship Him. This is a straight path.}

The meaning is clear.

{But the parties differed among themselves.}

Meaning the factions that formed after Jesus, such as the Melkites, Jacobites, and Nestorians. It is also said: the Jews and the Christians.

{So woe to those who wronged, from the punishment of a painful Day.}

This is a warning concerning the Day of the Factions (or the Day of Judgment).

If it is asked: To whom does the pronoun in {from among them} refer? We reply: It refers to those whom Jesus addressed in His saying {I have brought you wisdom}, which are his people.

{Do they await anything other than the Hour that it should come upon them suddenly while they are unaware?}

His saying {that it should come upon them} is an apposition (Badal) to the Hour. The meaning is: Do they await anything other than the coming of the Hour?

If they say: The word {suddenly} (baghtatan) conveys the same meaning as {while they are unaware} (wa hum la yash'urun), so what is the benefit of mentioning both? We reply: It is possible that the Hour comes upon them suddenly even though they know about it because they witness its signs.

{Except the close friends that Day, some of them to others will be enemies, except the righteous.}

{O My servants, no fear will come upon you this Day, nor will you grieve.}

{Those who believed in Our signs and were Muslims.}

{Enter Paradise, you and your spouses, being delighted.}

{Plates of gold and cups will be passed around to them, and therein is whatever the souls desire and what the eyes find delight in, and you will abide therein eternally.}

{And that is the Paradise which you are made to inherit because of what you used to do.}

{For you therein is much fruit from which you will eat.}