Tafsir of Al-Fath 48:20

Surah Al-Fath 48:20

ﲜ ﲝ ﲞ ﲟ ﲠ ﲡ ﲢ ﲣ ﲤ ﲥ ﲦ ﲧ ﲨ ﲩ ﲪ ﲫ ﲬ ﲭ

Allah has promised you much booty that you will take [in the future] and has hastened for you this [victory] and withheld the hands of people from you - that it may be a sign for the believers and [that] He may guide you to a straight path.

Tafsir

Mafatih al-Ghayb

Verse range: 48:20

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Surah Al-Fath (The Victory): Verse 20

"And God has promised you many spoils (maghānim)..."

This indicates that what they received from the conquest and spoils is not the entirety of the reward, but rather a swift benefit granted in this life.
Regarding the promised spoils, there are different opinions, the soundest of which is that He promised them abundant spoils without specifying them. Whatever they acquired was included in that promise, and God was aware of them. This is like a generous king saying to his servant: "God willing, you will receive a reward from me for what you have done," without specifying a particular thing. Then, everything that comes to him and is given to him falls under that promise. However, the king may not know the details of what will reach him at the time of the promise, whereas God (ms8239) is fully aware of them.
His statement, **"...and He restrained the hands of the people from you,"** is to complete the favor. It is as if He is saying: "We granted you easy spoils without the hardship of fighting. If you had exerted yourselves for it, you might have said, 'This is the reward for our toil.'"
His statement, **"...and that it may be a sign for the believers,"** is connected to the implied meaning. Since God Almighty said, **"So He hastened this for you,"** the particle *li-* (for/so that) implies benefit, just as *'alā* implies harm. (The speaker means) neither that which harms me, nor that which benefits me, nor that which I harm with, nor that which I benefit with. Thus, His saying, **"So He hastened this for you,"** means so that it may benefit you, **"...and that it may be a sign for the believers."**
There is a subtle meaning here: the promised spoils include everything the Muslims take. So, **"...and that it may be a sign for the believers"** means so that it may benefit you, and so that God may make it a sign for those who come after you, indicating to them that what God promised them will reach them just as it reached you.
Alternatively, we can say its meaning is: so that it may benefit you outwardly, and benefit you inwardly by increasing your certainty when you see the truthfulness of the Messenger in his reporting of the unseen, thus beautifying your accounts and perfecting your belief.
And His statement, **"...and guide you to a straight path,"** refers to relying upon Him, entrusting matters to Him, and seeking strength through Him.

"And [He promised] another [victory] which you have not yet attained, [but] God has encompassed it, and God is over all things competent."