Tafsir of Ad-Dhariyat 51:53

Adh-Dhariyat (The Winnowing Winds): Verse 53

Then the Almighty said:

This refers to that saying, which is their statement: {سَاحِرٌ أَوْ مَجْنُونٌ} (A sorcerer or a madman).

The meaning here is one of astonishment: How did they all agree upon a single statement, as if they conspired about it, and one said to another, "Say nothing but this"?

Then He said: This was not due to mutual agreement (tawāṭuʿ). Rather, it was due to a unifying factor: they were all living in luxury (utrifū), became self-sufficient, forgot God, transgressed (ṭaghaw), and thus denied His messengers.

This is similar to a king who grants respite to the inhabitants of a region, imposes no obligations upon them, and then, after a period, summons them to his court. It becomes difficult for them because they have built palaces and gardens and beautified their lands in the most pleasing ways. This situation leads them to disobedience and to claiming allegiance to another king.