ﱩ ﱪ ﱫ ﱬ ﱭ ﱮ ﱯ ﱰ ﱱ ﱲ ﱳ ﱴ ﱵ ﱶ ﱷ ﱸ ﱹ ﱺ ﱻ
O you who have believed, do not make allies of a people with whom Allah has become angry. They have despaired of [reward in] the Hereafter just as the disbelievers have despaired of [meeting] the inhabitants of the graves.
Tafsir
Verse range: 60:13
Original Text Summary & Translation:
قال ابن عباس : يريد حاطب ابن أبي بلتعة يقول : لا تتولوا اليهود والمشركين ، وذلك لأن جمعا من فقراء المسلمين كانوا يخبرون اليهود أخبار المسلمين لحاجتهم إليهم ، فنهوا عن ذلك ويئسوا من الآخرة ، يعني أن اليهود كذبت محمدا صلى الله عليه وسلم ، وهم يعرفون أنه رسول الله وأنهم أفسدوا آخرتهم بتكذيبهم إياه فهم يئسوا من الآخرة كما يئس الكفار من أصحاب القبور ، والتقييد بهذا القيد ظاهر ، لأنهم إذا ماتوا على كفرهم كان العلم بخذلانهم وعدم حظهم في الآخرة قطعيا ، وهذا هو قول الكلبي وجماعة ، يعني الكفار الذين ماتوا يئسوا من الجنة ، ومن أن يكون لهم في الآخرة خير ، وقال الحسن : يعني الأحياء من الكفار يئسوا من الأموات ، وقال أبو إسحق : يئس اليهود الذين عاندوا النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كما يئس الكفار الذين لا يؤمنون بالبعث من موتاهم .
Translation:
Ibn Abbas said: This refers to Hāṭib ibn Abī Balta‘ah. He means: Do not take the Jews and the polytheists as allies. This is because a group of poor Muslims used to inform the Jews of the Muslims' news due to their need for them, so they were forbidden from doing so.
And they have despaired of the Hereafter (يَئِسُوا مِنَ الْآخِرَةِ). This means that the Jews lied to the Prophet (peace be upon him), even though they knew he was the Messenger of Allah, and by lying to him, they ruined their Hereafter. Thus, they despaired of the Hereafter, just as the disbelievers despair concerning the inhabitants of the graves.
The qualification with this restriction (i.e., despairing of the Hereafter) is clear, because if they die upon their disbelief, knowledge of their abandonment and lack of share in the Hereafter becomes definitive. This is the view of Al-Kalbī and a group. They mean the disbelievers who have died have despaired of Paradise and of having any good in the Hereafter.
Al-Ḥasan said: It means the living disbelievers have despaired concerning the dead.
Abū Isḥāq said: The Jews who stubbornly opposed the Prophet (peace be upon him) despaired, just as the disbelievers who do not believe in resurrection despair concerning their dead.
And praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, and may blessings and peace be upon our Master Muhammad, his family, and his companions.
