Al-Qalam (The Pen): (39) Or do you have oaths...

There are two issues concerning this verse:

It is said: "So-and-so has an oath upon me concerning such-and-such," meaning you guarantee it from him.

The meaning here is: Or do we guarantee from you, and swear to you with solemn, highly emphasized oaths that reach the utmost degree of confirmation?

If it is asked: To what is the phrase "until the Day of Resurrection" (إلى يوم القيامة) related?

We say there are two views:

1. It is related to the word "reaching" (بالغة), meaning these oaths, in their strength and completeness, reach the Day of Resurrection.
2. The implied structure is: Oaths established until the Day of Resurrection. In this case, the meaning of "reaching" (بالغة) is "emphatic," similar to saying "excellent and reaching" (جيدة بالغة), where anything that reaches the utmost degree of soundness and quality is described as bāligh (reaching).

As for the phrase "Indeed, for you is whatever you decree" (إن لكم لما تحكمون), it is the response to the oath, because the meaning of "Or do you have oaths upon us?" (أم لكم أيمان علينا) is: Or have we sworn to you?

Al-Hasan read "reaching" (بالغة) with the accusative case (nasb). This accusative is a circumstantial accusative (ḥāl) referring to the implied pronoun within the adverbial phrase (the implied subject of the oath).

Then, the Messenger of God (peace be upon him) was commanded: