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Tafsir of Al-Qiyamah 75:31

Surah Al-Qiyamah 75:31

ﱲ ﱳ ﱴ ﱵ

And the disbeliever had not believed, nor had he prayed.

Tafsir

Mafatih al-Ghayb

Verse range: 75:31

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Al-Qiyamah (The Resurrection): (31) So he neither believed nor prayed...

Issues Discussed:

The First Issue: The Almighty explains His actions concerning the foundations of religion, its branches, and worldly matters.

  1. Foundations of Religion: He neither believed in the religion nor confirmed it; rather, he denied it.
  2. Branches of Religion: He neither performed the prayer nor adhered to it; rather, he turned away and neglected it.
  3. Worldly Matters: He went to his family strutting, swaggering, and walking with arrogance.

Know that this verse indicates that the disbeliever deserves blame and punishment for neglecting the prayer just as he deserves them for neglecting faith.

The Second Issue: Regarding the statement: **{So he neither believed}** (*falā ṣaddaqa*), who is being referred to? There are two opinions:

  1. It is a pronoun referring back to Man mentioned in the verse: {Does man think that We will never assemble his bones?} (Al-Qiyamah: 3). Do you not see His statement: {Does man think that he will be left aimless?} (Al-Qiyamah: 36)? This is connected to the preceding verse: {He asks, "When is the Day of Resurrection?"} (Al-Qiyamah: 6).
  2. The verse was revealed concerning Abu Jahl.

The Third Issue: Regarding the word **{strutting}** (*yatamattā*), there are two opinions:

  1. Its origin is yatamattaṭṭa (to stretch out), because one who struts extends his steps. The tā’ (ت) was changed to a yā’ (ي), similar to how taqaṣṣā (to investigate thoroughly) originates from taqaṣṣaṣa.
  2. It is derived from Al-Maṭā (the back/loin), because he twists his back. There is a narration: "When my Ummah walks the al-Maṭīṭī (a gait of strutting), meaning the gait of the swaggerer."

The Fourth Issue: The grammarians state that the **{Lā}** (*fa-lā*) here is in the position of **Lām** (*lam*), meaning negation of the past tense. Thus, **{So he neither believed nor prayed}** (*falā ṣaddaqa walā ṣallā*) means: He did not believe, and he did not pray. This is like His statement: **{So he did not ascend the steep path}** (*falā iqtahama al-'aqabah*) (Al-Balad: 11), meaning he did not ascend.

This is also similar to what is narrated in the Hadith: "Have you seen one who neither ate nor drank, nor cried out?"

Al-Kisa'i said: "I have not heard the Arabs use a single word like this unless they follow it up with another, either explicitly or implicitly."

  • Explicitly: They do not say, "Zayd is not outside," until they add, "nor Amr." Nor do they say, "I passed by a man who does not know," until they add, "nor is he capable."
  • Implicitly: This is like the verse: {So he did not ascend the steep path} (Al-Balad: 11). Then the speech interrupts: **{And what will make you know what the steep path is? It is the freeing of a slave, Or feeding on a day of severe hunger} (Al-Balad: 12-14). The implied meaning was: He did not free a slave, nor did he feed a needy person, so it was sufficient to mention it once.
  • Some scholars suggest that the implication in {So he did not ascend} (falā iqtahama) is: "Why did he not ascend?" or "He should have ascended!"

7 < { Woe to you! Woe to you! * Then, woe to you! Woe to you! } > 7 !