Tafsir of Ash-Shams 91:10

Surah Ash-Shams (The Sun): Verse 10

{ وَقَدْ خَابَ مَن دَسَّاهَا }

They said: { دَسَّاهَا } (He corrupted it/her). Its origin is dassasaha (دَسَّسَهَا) from tadsees (التَّدْسِيس), which means concealing something within something else.

One of the sīn (س) letters was replaced by a yā’ (ي). So, the origin of dassā (دَسَّى) is dassasa (دَسَّسَ), just as the origin of taqaddā al-bāzī (تَقَضَّى البازي) is taqaddada al-bāzī (تَقَضَّدَ البازي), and just as they say al-babbit (الببت) and its origin is al-labbīt (اللَّبِيت), and mulabbī (مُلَبِّي) and its origin is mulabbab (مُلَبَّب).

Then we say:

As for the Mu'tazila, they mentioned several interpretations that align with their doctrine:

1. The people of righteousness reveal themselves, while the people of transgression conceal themselves and hide them in obscure places. Just as the generous Arabs would camp on the high ground so their locations would become famous and the needy would seek them out, and they would light fires at night for travelers. As for the mean-spirited, they conceal their locations from those seeking them.
2. { خَابَ مَن دَسَّاهَا } (He failed who corrupted it/her) means one who conceals himself among the righteous but is not truly one of them.
3. { مَن دَسَّاهَا } (who corrupted it/her) refers to one who immerses himself in sins until he is completely submerged in them.
4. { مَن دَسَّاهَا } (who corrupted it/her) refers to one who instills wickedness in himself due to his constant adherence to it and association with its people.
5. Whoever turns away from acts of obedience and occupies himself with sins becomes obscure, abandoned, and forgotten, thus becoming like something hidden away in concealment and obscurity.

As for our companions (Ahl al-Sunnah), they said: The meaning is that the soul that Allah Almighty has misguided, led astray, made wicked, nullified, and destroyed has failed and lost. These are their terms for interpreting { دَسَّاهَا }.

Al-Wāḥidī (may Allah have mercy on him) said: It is as if the Almighty swore by His noblest creation concerning the success of the one whom He purifies, and the loss of the one whom He abandons, so that no one might think that he is the one who undertakes the purification of his own soul or its destruction through sin without a preceding decree and a prior destiny.

As for His saying, the Almighty:

! 7 < { كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ بِطَغْوَاهَا } . > 7 !

As for His saying, the Almighty: { كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ بِطَغْوَاهَا } (Thamūd denied because of their transgression)...