Tafsir of Ash-Shams 91:4

Surah Ash-Shams (The Sun): Verse 4

وَٱلَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَىٰهَا (And [by] the night when it covers her [the sun].)

This means the night covers the sun, removing its light. This verse strengthens the first interpretation [of the preceding verse] in two ways:

1. Since the verse mentions the night covering the sun and removing its light, it is appropriate to follow it by saying, "And the day when it reveals her," contrasting what was mentioned about the night.
2. The pronoun in yaghashāhā (covers her) refers to the sun without dispute. Therefore, the pronoun in jalāhā (reveals her) must also refer to the sun, so that the pronoun in the concluding verses of the Surah consistently refers to the sun.

Al-Qaffāl said: These four oaths are truly only about the sun, based on four descriptions:

1. The light emanating from it when the day rises, which is the time when animal activity and people's movement for livelihood reach completion.
2. The moon's reflection upon it and its taking light from the sun.
3. Its complete rising and emergence with the arrival of the day.
4. The opposite of that occurring with the arrival of the night.

Whoever contemplates the greatness of the sun for a short while, and then observes with the eye of his intellect the evidence of its created nature and artifact—its finite measure and its composition of parts—will be led from that to the greatness of its Creator. So, Glorified is He, how great is His station!

Surah Ash-Shams (The Sun): Verse 7

وَٱلسَّمَآءِ وَمَا بَنَىٰهَا (And [by] the sky and He Who constructed it.)