ﲋ ﲌ ﲍ ﲎ ﲏ ﲐ ﲑ ﲒ ﲓ ﲔ ﲕ ﲖ ﲗ ﲘ ﲙ ﲚ ﲛ ﲜ ﲝ ﲞ ﲟ
Say, "Have you seen what Allah has sent down to you of provision of which you have made [some] lawful and [some] unlawful?" Say, "Has Allah permitted you [to do so], or do you invent [something] about Allah?"
Tafsir
Verse range: 10:59-60
{أرأيتم} Inform me.
{ما أنزل الله لكم من رزق فجعلتم منه حراما وحلالا} The word mā (what) is in the accusative case, governed by anzala (sent down) or by ara’aytum (inform me), meaning: "Inform me of what God sent down to you as provision—all of which was lawful—yet you divided it, saying: 'This is lawful and this is forbidden,' just as they said: 'These are cattle and crops, forbidden' and 'What is in the bellies of these cattle is exclusively for our males and forbidden to our wives.'"
{آلله أذن لكم} This is connected to ara’aytum. The repetition of "Say" is for emphasis. The meaning is: "Inform me, did God permit you to declare things lawful and forbidden, such that you do this by His permission, or are you fabricating lies against God by attributing that to Him?"
It is also possible that the interrogative hamza is for denial, and am (or) is a disjunctive particle meaning "rather," as in: "Rather, do you fabricate lies against God?"—a confirmation of their fabrication.
This verse is a sufficient and eloquent deterrent against taking liberties with religious rulings. It compels one to exercise caution and mandates that no one should declare something lawful or unlawful except after certainty and precision. Whoever lacks certainty must fear God and remain silent; otherwise, they are a fabricator against God.
{وما ظن الذين يفترون على الله الكذب يوم القيامة} Yawm al-qiyāmah (the Day of Resurrection) is in the accusative case, governed by ẓann (thought/conjecture). It refers to a conjecture occurring on that day. It means: What do the fabricators think will be done to them on that day, which is the day of recompense for good and evil? It is a grave warning, as its nature is left ambiguous.
Isa ibn Umar read it as wa-mā ẓannū (what did they think), using the verb form. Its meaning is: "And what conjecture did they conjecture regarding the Day of Resurrection?" It is phrased in the past tense because it is inevitable, as if it has already occurred.
{إن الله لذو فضل على الناس} By bestowing upon them intellect, showing them mercy through revelation, and teaching them what is lawful and what is forbidden.
{ولكن أكثرهم لا يشكرون} This blessing, nor do they follow that to which they have been guided.
{وما تكون في شأن وما تتلو منه من قرآن ولا تعملون من عمل إلا كنا عليكم شهودا إذ تفيضون فيه وما يعزب عن ربك من مثقال ذرة في الأرض ولا في السماء ولا أصغر من ذلك ولا أكبر إلا في كتاب مبين}
