Tafsir of Hud 11:82-83

{We turned it upside down} Gabriel placed his wing beneath it, then raised it to the heaven until the inhabitants of the heavens heard the barking of dogs and the crowing of roosters. Then, He overturned it upon them.

{And We rained upon them stones of Sijjil} It is said that this is an Arabized word from sang-gil (Persian for "stone and clay"), evidenced by His saying: "stones of clay." It is also said that it is derived from asjaltuhu (I sent it forth), meaning it is sent down upon the wrongdoers. This is supported by His saying: "To send upon them stones of clay" (al-Dhariyat: 33). Others say it is from what Allah has recorded (from the sijill—the scroll) to punish with.

{Layered} (Mandud) Stacked in the heavens, prepared for punishment. It is also said: sent one after another, in succession.

{Marked} (Musawwamah) Marked for punishment. Al-Hasan said: They were marked with white and red. It is also said: They bore a sign indicating they were not stones of the earth. It is also said: The name of the one to be struck by it was written on each stone.

{And it is not from the wrongdoers far} This contains a threat to the people of Mecca. It is narrated from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) that he asked Gabriel about this, and he replied: "Meaning the wrongdoers of your nation; there is no wrongdoer among them but that he is exposed to a stone falling upon him at any moment." It is also said the pronoun refers to the cities—meaning they are near to the wrongdoers of Mecca, as they pass by them on their travels. It is also possible that it means: "It is not in a distant place." For even if it were in the heavens—a distant place—once it falls, it is the swiftest thing to reach its target, as if it were in a place near to him.

{And to Madyan [We sent] their brother Shu‘ayb. He said, "O my people, worship Allah; you have no god other than Him. And do not decrease the measure and the scale. Indeed, I see you in prosperity, but indeed, I fear for you the punishment of an all-encompassing Day. And O my people, give full measure and weight in justice and do not deprive the people of their due and do not commit abuse on the earth, spreading corruption. What remains [lawful] from Allah is best for you, if you would be believers; and I am not a guardian over you."}