ﱁ ﱂ ﱃ ﱄ ﱅ ﱆ ﱇ ﱈ ﱉ ﱊ ﱋ ﱌ ﱍ ﱎ ﱏ ﱐ ﱑ ﱒ ﱓ ﱔ ﱕ ﱖ ﱗ ﱘ ﱙ ﱚ
And she, in whose house he was, sought to seduce him. She closed the doors and said, "Come, you." He said, "[I seek] the refuge of Allah. Indeed, he is my master, who has made good my residence. Indeed, wrongdoers will not succeed."
Tafsir
Verse range: 12:23
"And she, in whose house he was, sought to seduce him..."
Al-Murawada (Seduction): It is a mufa'ala (reciprocal) form derived from rada-yarudu (to come and go). It is as if the meaning is: she tried to deceive him regarding his own self. That is, she acted as one who deceives another regarding something they do not wish to let go of, using stratagems to overcome them and take it from them. It is an expression for her persistence in attempting to have intercourse with him.
"And she locked the doors": It is said there were seven.
"And she said, 'Come here' (Hayta laka)": It is recited as hayta (with a fatha on the ha) and hayti (with a kasra), both with a fatha on the ta. Its construction is like ayna (where) and ayta. Hayta is like jayra, and haytu is like haythu. Hi'tu means "I have prepared myself." It is said: ha'a-yahi'u, like ja'a-yaji'u, when one prepares. "I have prepared for you" (hi'tu laka): the lam is a connector for the verb. As for its use in vocalizations, it is for clarification, as if one said: "I say this to you," just as you say: "Come here to you" (halumma laka).
"She said, 'I seek refuge in Allah'": I seek refuge in Allah, a refuge.
"Indeed, he is my master": My lord and owner, meaning Potiphar.
"Who has made good my residence": When he said to you, "Make his residence honorable." So, what is his reward? That I should betray him regarding his household with an evil betrayal and be treacherous toward him concerning them?
"Indeed, the wrongdoers will not succeed": Those who repay good with evil. It is also said: she meant adulterers, because they are wrongdoers to their own selves. It is also said: she meant Allah, the Exalted, because He is the Causer of causes.
"And she certainly determined [to seduce] him, and he would have determined [to yield] to her had he not seen the proof of his Lord. Thus [it was] that We might avert from him evil and immorality. Indeed, he was of Our chosen servants."
