Tafsir of Ar-Ra'd 13:4

{Neighboring tracts} These are diverse plots of land, despite being adjacent and touching one another: fertile land next to saline land, generous soil next to barren soil, hard ground next to soft, and land suitable for crops but not for trees next to land that is the opposite—all while being unified under the single genus of "earth." This is evidence of a Powerful One who wills, who places His actions in one way rather than another.

Likewise, the crops, vineyards, and palm trees growing in these tracts are of different genera and species, yet they are watered by a single water. You see them producing fruits that vary in shape, color, taste, and scent, and they differ in their quality.

Notes on Readings and Grammar:

• In some codices, it is written as qiṭaʿan mutajāwirāt (in the accusative case), based on the implied verb wa-jaʿala (He placed).
• Jannāt (gardens) is read in the accusative case as a conjunction to zawjayn (two pairs), or in the genitive case as a conjunction to thamarāt (fruits).
• Zarʿun wa-nakhīlun (crops and palm trees) is read in the genitive case as a conjunction to aʿnāb (grapes) or jannāt (gardens).
• Ṣinwān is the plural of ṣinw, which refers to a palm tree that has two trunks originating from a single root. It is read with both a ḍamma (ṣunwān) and a kasra (ṣinwān); the kasra is the dialect of the Hijaz, and the ḍamma is the dialect of Banu Tamim and Qays.
• {Tusqā} (is watered) is read with both a tāʾ and a yāʾ.
• {Nufaḍḍilu} (We favor) is read with both a nūn and a yāʾ, and can be read in both the active and passive voices.
• {Fī al-ukuli} (in consumption/food) is read with both a ḍamma on the kāf and a sukūn (vowel-less).