Tafsir of Ar-Ra'd 13:41

{Have they not seen that We come to the land}—the land of disbelief—{diminishing it from its borders} by what We conquer for the Muslims from their territories. Thus, We diminish the Abode of Disbelief (Dār al-Ḥarb) and increase the Abode of Islam (Dār al-Islām). This is among the signs of victory and triumph. Similar to this is: {Do they not see that We come to the land, diminishing it from its borders?} (Al-Anbiyāʾ: 44), {Are they the victors?} (Al-Anbiyāʾ: 44), and {We will show them Our signs in the horizons} (Fuṣṣilat: 53).

The meaning is: You must deliver the message you have been entrusted with; do not concern yourself with what lies beyond that, for We will suffice you and fulfill what We have promised you of victory. Do not be distressed by its delay, for that is due to interests We know which you do not. Then, He comforted his soul and relieved it by mentioning the dawning signs of victory. It is also recited as nunaṣṣiḥuhā (with a shadda).

{There is no one to reverse His judgment}—no one to reject His decree. The muʿaqqib (reverser) is one who returns to a thing to invalidate it. Its reality is one who follows it up (yuʿaqqibuhu), meaning he pursues it with rejection and invalidation. From this, the claimant of a right is called a muʿaqqib, because he pursues his debtor with demands and requests. Labīd said: The seeker of justice pursues his right, the oppressed.

The meaning is: He has decreed victory and advancement for Islam, and decline and reversal for disbelief.

{And He is swift in account}—in a short while, He will hold them to account in the Hereafter, following the punishment of this world.

If you ask: What is the grammatical position of His saying, {There is no one to reverse His judgment}? I say: It is a sentence in the position of an accusative state (ḥāl). It is as if it were said: "And Allah judges, His judgment being effective," just as you say, "Zayd came to me, with no turban on his head and no cap," meaning bareheaded.

{Those before them had already plotted, but to Allah belongs the entire plot. He knows what every soul earns, and the disbelievers will come to know for whom is the final home.}