Tafsir of An-Nahl 16:110

{Then, indeed, your Lord...} This indicates the distance between the state of these people and the state of those—referring to ‘Ammār and his companions.

{Indeed, your Lord is for them} Meaning: He is for them, not against them. It signifies that He is their Ally and Supporter, not their enemy or the one who abandons them. Just as a king is "for" a man and not "against" him, meaning the man is protected and benefited, not harmed.

{After they were persecuted} Through torture and coercion into disbelief. It is also recited as fatanoū (active voice), meaning: after they persecuted the believers, as did al-Ḥaḍramī and his likes.

{Thereafter} Meaning: after these actions, which are emigration, striving (jihād), and patience.

{The Day every soul will come} "The Day" is in the accusative case, governed by Raḥīm (Merciful), or by an implied udhkur (remember).

If you ask: What is the meaning of "soul" (nafs) being attributed to "soul" (nafs)? I say: One refers to the essence and self of a thing as its nafs, and its opposite as its ghayr (other). The first nafs is the whole entity as it is, and the second is its essence and self. It is as if it were said: "The Day every human comes to argue on behalf of his own self, not concerned with the affairs of others." Everyone will say: "My soul, my soul!"

The meaning of arguing on its behalf: It means offering excuses for it, such as saying: "These led us astray" (al-A‘rāf: 38), or "We were not polytheists" (al-An‘ām: 23), and the like.

{And Allah presents an example: a city which was secure and at peace, its provision coming to it in abundance from every location, but it denied the favors of Allah. So Allah made it taste the garment of hunger and fear for what they had been doing. And there had certainly come to them a Messenger from among themselves, but they denied him; so the punishment seized them while they were wrongdoers.}