Tafsir of Al-Isra 17:97-98

{And whoever Allah guides} Whoever He grants success to and treats with kindness, {he is the guided one}, for He does not grant kindness except to one whom He knows will benefit from it.

{And whoever He leads astray} Whoever He abandons, {you will never find for them protectors}—that is, helpers—{upon their faces}. This is like His saying: "The Day they are dragged into the Fire on their faces" (Al-Qamar: 48).

It was said to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ): "How will they walk on their faces?" He replied: "The One who made them walk on their feet is capable of making them walk on their faces."

{Blind, dumb, and deaf} Just as they were in this world: they do not seek insight, they do not speak the truth, and they feign deafness to hearing it. Thus, they are the same in the Hereafter: they do not see what would delight their eyes, they do not hear what would please their ears, and they do not speak what would be accepted from them. "Whoever is blind in this [world] will be blind in the Hereafter."

It is also possible that they are gathered with their senses intact from the place of standing to the Fire after the reckoning, for He has informed us elsewhere that they will read and speak.

{Every time it subsides} Whenever their skins and flesh are consumed and annihilated, and its flames settle, He replaces them with others. They return inflamed and blazing. It is as if, because they denied the resurrection after annihilation, Allah made their recompense that He empowered the Fire over their parts to consume and annihilate them, then He restores them. They remain in this state of annihilation and restoration to increase their anguish for denying the Resurrection, and because it is more effective in taking vengeance upon the denier. He indicated this by His saying: {That is their recompense} up to His saying: {...will be resurrected in a new creation. Say...}

{Have they not seen that Allah, who created the heavens and the earth, is capable of creating the likes of them? And He has appointed for them a term, about which there is no doubt. But the wrongdoers refuse [anything] except disbelief.}