Tafsir of Ash-Shu`ara' 26:34

If you ask: What is the governing agent (ʿāmil) for ḥawlahu (around him)?

I say: It is in the accusative case (naṣb) in two ways: a naṣb in wording and a naṣb in position. The agent for the verbal naṣb is what is implied in the adverbial phrase (ẓarf). The agent for the positional naṣb—which is the naṣb as a state (ḥāl)—is the verb qāla (he said).

Pharaoh was bewildered when he saw the two signs. He remained unable to discern which of his sides was longer, until the mention of his claim to divinity slipped from him, the pride of lordship fell from his shoulders, his limbs trembled, and his magic swelled with fear and terror. His submissiveness reached such a point before his people—whom he claimed were his slaves while he was their god—that he began to consult them and confess to them what he had feared, anticipated, and sensed regarding Moses (peace be upon him) and his overcoming of his kingdom and land.

His saying, "Indeed, this is a learned magician," is the speech of one who is stunned when defeated, and one who fabricates when cornered.

Taʾmurūn (you command) is derived from muʾāmara (consultation), or from amr (command), which is the opposite of prohibition. He made his slaves the commanders and their lord the commanded, due to the extreme shock and bewilderment that overcame him.

Mādhā (what) is in the accusative case, either because it carries the meaning of a verbal noun (maṣdar) or because it is the direct object of the verb in the phrase "I commanded you to do good."