Tafsir of An-Naml 27:14

"And they denied them, while their souls were certain of them..."

• The waw in {وَاسْتَيْقَنَتْهَا} (while they were certain of them): It is the waw of state (ḥāl), with an implied qad (already) following it.
• The ʿuluww (arrogance/tyranny): It is pride and haughtiness against believing in what Moses brought, as in the Almighty’s saying: {But they were arrogant and were a haughty people} (Al-Mu'minun: 46), and {They said, "Should we believe two men like ourselves while their people are for us servants?"} (Al-Mu'minun: 47).
• Variant Readings: It was read as (ʿuliyyan) and (ʿuliyyan) with both the ḍamma and the kasra, just as (ʿutiyyan) and (ʿutiyyan) were read.
• The benefit of mentioning "souls" (anfus): It indicates that they denied them with their tongues, while they were certain of them in their hearts and inner selves.
• The intensity of Istīqān: Istīqān (to be certain) is more emphatic than Īqān (certainty).
• The contrast: There is a contrast between "the sight" (mubṣirah) and "the clear" (mubīn).
• The magnitude of their injustice: What injustice is more heinous than the injustice of one who believes and is certain that they are clear, manifest signs that came from Allah, yet persists in arrogance by labeling them "clear magic"—exposed and without any ambiguity?

"And We certainly gave David and Solomon knowledge, and they said, 'Praise to Allah, who has favored us over many of His believing servants.'"