Tafsir of Luqman 31:17

{And be patient over what befalls you} It is permissible for this to be general, covering every trial that befalls him. It is also permissible for it to be specific to what befalls him regarding the command to do good and forbid evil—namely, the harm from those whom he urges toward good and forbids from evil.

{Indeed, that is of the matters [requiring] determination} Meaning: that which Allah has decreed as a matter of obligation and binding duty. From this is the Hadith: "There is no fast for one who does not determine the fast from the night," meaning he did not settle it with intention. Do you not see his (peace be upon him) saying: "For one who does not intend the fast overnight"?

Also from this is: "Indeed, Allah loves that His concessions be taken, just as He loves that His determinations (ʿaza'im) be taken." And the saying of the people: "It is one of the determinations of our Lord." And from this: "The determinations of kings," which is when a king says to one under his authority: "I determine upon you that you must do such-and-such." When he says that, the one commanded has no choice but to do it, and no way to avoid it.

Its reality is that it is the naming of the object (maf'ul) by the verbal noun (masdar); its origin is "from the determined matters" (min ma'zumat al-umur), meaning those that are cut and made obligatory. It is also permissible for it to be a verbal noun in the meaning of the active participle (fa'il), originating from "the determining matters" (min 'azimat al-umur), from the saying of the Exalted: {And when the matter is determined} (Muhammad: 21), like your saying: "The matter became serious" (jadda al-amr) or "The fighting became intense" (sadaqa al-qital).

This verse is sufficient to signal the antiquity of these acts of obedience, that they were commanded in all nations, and that prayer has always been of great status, preceding all else, and enjoined in all religions.

{And do not turn your cheek [in contempt] toward people and do not walk through the earth exultantly. Indeed, Allah does not like everyone self-deluded and boastful. And be moderate in your pace and lower your voice; indeed, the most disagreeable of sounds is the voice of donkeys.}