Surah Sad 38:52
ﲒ ﲓ ﲔ ﲕ ﲖ
And with them will be women limiting [their] glances and of equal age.
Tafsir of Sad 38:49-52
Tafsir
Al-Kashshaf
Verse range: 38:49-52
{ هَٰذَا ذِكْرٌ } This is a reminder; meaning: this is a type of reminder, which is the Qur’an.
When the mention of the prophets was concluded—as it is a chapter among the chapters of revelation and a type among its types—He intended to mention another chapter immediately following it: the mention of Paradise and its people. He said: "This is a reminder," then said: "{ وَإِنَّ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ }."
Just as al-Jāḥiẓ says in his books: "This is a chapter," then he embarks upon another chapter. When a writer finishes a section of his book and wishes to begin another, he says: "This, and such-and-such has occurred." The evidence for this is that when He finished the mention of the people of Paradise and wished to follow it with the mention of the people of the Fire, He said: "This, and indeed for the transgressors..."
It is also said: Its meaning is "this is honor and a beautiful mention," and they shall be remembered by it forever.
Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "This is a reminder of those who have passed among the prophets."
{ جَنَّاتُ عَدْنٍ } This is an appositive (definition) for His saying: "{ جَنَّاتِ عَدْنٍ الَّتِي وَعَدَ الرَّحْمَٰنُ }" (Maryam: 61). Its accusative case is due to it being an explanatory appositive (*ʿaṭf bayān*) for "a good place of return" (*ḥusn maʾāb*).
{ مُفَتَّحَةً لَّهُمُ الْأَبْوَابُ } "Opened" (*mufattaḥatan*) is a circumstantial qualifier (*ḥāl*), and the operative factor (*ʿāmil*) in it is the verbal meaning contained within "for the righteous" (*lil-muttaqīn*).
In "opened" (mufattaḥatan) there is a pronoun referring to the Gardens, and "the doors" (al-abwāb) is a substitute (badal) for that pronoun. The estimation is: "opened are they, the doors," similar to the saying: "Zayd was struck, the hand and the foot." It is a substitute of inclusion (badal al-ishtimāl).
It is recited: (jannātu ʿadnin mufattaḥatun) in the nominative case, on the basis that "Gardens of Eden" is the subject (mubtadaʾ) and "opened" is its predicate (khabar). Or, both are predicates of an omitted subject, meaning: "It is Gardens of Eden, they are opened for them."