Tafsir of Ash-Shura 42:37

{And those who avoid major sins...}

• {And those who avoid}: This is a conjunction linked to "those who believe" (in the preceding verse), as are the verses that follow it.
• {Major sins}: Meaning the major acts of this category. It has been recited as "the major sin" (singular). According to Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him), "the major sin" is shirk (polytheism).
• {They forgive}: Meaning they are the ones specifically characterized by forgiveness during moments of anger. Anger does not overcome their intellects as it overcomes the intellects of other people.
• The use of the pronoun "they" (hum) as a subject, and attributing the act of "forgiving" to them, serves this specific emphasis. A similar example is: {They defend themselves} (Ash-Shura: 39).

{And those who have responded to their Lord, and established prayer, and whose affair is [determined by] consultation among themselves, and from what We have provided them, they spend.}