Tafsir of Ad-Dukhan 44:32-34

{And We certainly chose them by knowledge over the worlds.}

• The pronoun in {We chose them} refers to the Children of Israel.
• {By knowledge} is in the position of a state (ḥāl), meaning: We chose them while knowing the place of this selection and that they were worthy of being chosen.
• It is also possible that the meaning is: We chose them despite Our knowledge that they would deviate and commit lapses in certain circumstances.
• {Over the worlds} means over the people of their own time. It is also said: over all people, due to the abundance of prophets among them.

{And We gave them of the signs that in which there is a clear trial.}

• {Of the signs} refers to things like the parting of the sea, the shading by clouds, the sending down of manna and quails, and other great signs the likes of which God did not manifest for others.
• {And We gave them of... a clear trial} refers to an obvious blessing; for God Almighty tests with blessings just as He tests with calamities. Or, it means an obvious test to see how you act, as in His saying: {And in that was a great trial from your Lord} (Al-Baqarah: 49).

{They say, "There is nothing but our first death, and we will not be resurrected. So bring back our forefathers, if you should be truthful."}